" Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal."
The collection, transportation, and disposal of waste products in a sustainable and environmentally responsible manner.
Waste reduction: Strategies and best practices aimed at preventing or minimizing waste generation and promoting a circular economy.
Waste segregation: Methods for separating different types of waste at the source to facilitate recycling and disposal.
Waste collection: Procedures and equipment used to collect, transport, and dispose of waste safely and efficiently.
Recycling: Processes for converting waste materials into new products or raw materials for manufacturing.
Composting: Techniques and equipment used to convert organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment.
Hazardous waste management: Methods for identifying, handling, and disposing of hazardous waste, including regulations and safety procedures.
E-waste management: Strategies for managing electronic waste, such as computers, phones, and batteries, which require special disposal methods.
Biomedical waste management: Protocols for managing waste generated by healthcare facilities, including hazardous and infectious materials.
Solid waste management: Comprehensive approaches to managing all types of waste, including collection, segregation, recycling, and disposal.
Landfills: Best practices for the design, operation, and closure of landfills, including regulatory compliance and environmental monitoring.
Waste-to-energy: Processes for generating energy from waste, such as incineration, gasification, and anaerobic digestion.
Sustainable waste management: Approaches to waste management that prioritize environmental protection, social responsibility, and economic viability.
Waste management policies and regulations: Laws and regulations related to waste management, including waste reduction targets, recycling mandates, and landfill regulations.
Public engagement and education: Strategies for engaging the public and promoting awareness of waste management issues, such as recycling and composting.
Life cycle assessment: An approach to evaluating the environmental impact of a product or process over its entire lifetime, including resource extraction, production, use, and disposal.
Solid waste management: This involves the collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of solid waste generated from households, commercial establishments and industries.
Hazardous waste management: This involves the proper handling, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste materials, such as chemicals, batteries, electronic waste and medical waste.
Electronic waste management: This involves the proper dismantling, treatment and disposal of electronic waste generated from homes, offices and industries.
Medical waste management: This involves the proper collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of medical waste generated from hospitals, clinics and healthcare facilities.
Construction waste management: This involves the proper handling, transportation and disposal of debris generated from construction projects.
Water waste management: This involves the proper treatment and disposal of wastewater generated from homes and industries.
Air pollution control: This involves the identification and control of ambient and source emissions from various industries.
Landfill and leachate management: This involves the proper management of landfills, including leachate treatment and disposal.
Sewage disposal: This involves the proper collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of sewage generated from homes and industries.
Recycling: This involves the collection, separation, and processing of waste materials to produce new products.
Composting: This involves the natural decomposition of organic waste materials to produce compost, which can be used for gardening and agriculture.
Incineration: This involves the controlled burning of waste materials to generate energy.
Bio-medical waste management: This involves the proper handling and disposal of biomedical waste, which includes used sharps, body fluids and tissues.
"Waste can be solid, liquid, or gases and each type has different methods of disposal and management."
"Health issues are associated with the entire process of waste management...directly through the handling of solid waste, and indirectly through the consumption of water, soil, and food."
"The aim of waste management is to reduce the dangerous effects of such waste on the environment and human health."
"A report found that effective waste management is relatively expensive, usually comprising 20%–50% of municipal budgets."
"A large portion of waste management practices deal with municipal solid waste (MSW), which is the bulk of the waste created by household, industrial, and commercial activity."
"According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), municipal solid waste is expected to reach approximately 3.4 Gt by 2050..."
"Electronic waste (e-waste) includes discarded computer monitors, motherboards, mobile phones, and chargers...India generates ~ 2 million tonnes (Mte) of e-waste annually and ranks fifth among the e-waste producing countries."
"Effective 'Waste Management' involves the practice of '7R' - 'Refuse, 'Reduce', 'Reuse, 'Repair', 'Repurpose', 'Recycle', and 'Recover'."
"The first two ('Refuse' and 'Reduce') relates to the non-creation of waste - by refusing to buy non-essential products and by reducing consumption."
"'Reuse' refers to increasing the usage of the existing product, with or without the substitution of certain parts of the product."
"'Repurpose' and 'Recycle' involves maximum usage of the materials used in the product."
"'Recover' is the least preferred and least efficient waste management practice involving the recovery of embedded energy in the waste material."
"Certain non-biodegradable products are also dumped away as 'Disposal', and this is not a 'waste-management' practice."
"Proper management of waste is important for building sustainable and livable cities, but it remains a challenge for many developing countries and cities."
"Measures of waste management include measures for integrated techno-economic mechanisms of a circular economy, effective disposal facilities, export and import control, and optimal sustainable design of products."
"Authors concluded that about a fourth of all the municipal solid terrestrial waste is not collected and an additional fourth is mismanaged after collection...due to the absence of 'substantial research funding'."
"The first systematic review of the scientific evidence around global waste, its management, and its impact on human health and life..."
"Proper management of waste is important for building sustainable and livable cities..."
"A report found that effective waste management is relatively expensive, usually comprising 20%–50% of municipal budgets."