"Urban planning, also known as town planning, city planning, regional planning, or rural planning, is a technical and political process that is focused on the development and design of land use and the built environment..."
The process of designing and managing urban environments, including the physical layout and development of infrastructure, transportation systems, and public spaces.
History of urban planning: A study of the development and evolution of urban planning practices over time.
Sustainable development: The use of limited resources in an environmentally friendly way while retaining the ability to meet future needs.
Transportation and mobility: The study of transportation and mobility systems, including public transportation, private automobiles, and pedestrian and cycling infrastructure.
Land use and zoning: The study of how land is used and the regulations that govern it, including zoning laws and subdivision regulations.
Housing and community development: The study of affordable housing, neighborhood revitalization, and community development, including public housing and private housing developments.
Public policy: The study of government policies that affect urban development, such as tax incentives for developers, zoning laws, and urban renewal programs.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS): The study of computer-based mapping and analysis technologies that help urban planners make informed decisions about land use and development.
Environmental planning and management: The study of how to manage urban natural resources, including air and water quality, noise, and waste management.
Landscape architecture: The study of planning and design of outdoor spaces, including parks, greenways, streets, and pedestrian areas.
Public participation and community engagement: The study of how to involve the public in the planning process.
Urban design: The study of the physical layout and design of cities, including the arrangement of buildings, streets, and public spaces.
Economic development: The study of how to create jobs, promote economic growth, and improve the quality of life in urban areas.
Urban governance: The study of how local governments are structured and how they make decisions related to urban development.
Disaster management: The study of how to manage the effects of natural and human-made disasters on urban areas.
Cultural heritage preservation: The study of how to preserve historic buildings and heritage sites in urban areas.
Land Use Planning: This type of urban planning is focused on deciding what can be built in a particular place, for example, commercial buildings or residential homes.
Transportation Planning: This focuses on the design and management of transportation infrastructure like roads, railways, buses, and other modes of transportation.
Environmental Planning: This involves the planning of land usage in such a way that the environment is protected, and the proper use of natural resources is enhanced.
Historic Preservation Planning: This type of urban planning focuses on preserving historic buildings, districts and landscapes, and managing changes that occur over time.
Economic Development Planning: Urban planners focus on the growth and development of the economy in a particular area through the introduction of new businesses, jobs, and other economic incentives.
Urban Design Planning: This type of urban planning involves designing and planning the physical setting of a city within the context of built structures, open spaces and natural systems.
Social Planning: This involves developing plans to promote the social welfare of the community by providing social services, such as housing, education, and health care.
Community Development Planning: This type of urban planning is focused on strengthening and revitalizing existing neighborhoods and communities through development initiatives.
Disaster Planning: This involves developing emergency preparedness plans in the event of natural or human-made disasters, such as hurricanes, wildfires, or terrorist attacks.
"...including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks and their accessibility."
"Many professional practitioners of urban planning, especially practitioners with the title 'urban planner,' study urban planning education, while some paraprofessional practitioners are educated in urban studies..."
"...others study and work in urban policy - the aspect of public policy used in the public administration subfield of political science that is most aligned with urban planning."
"Traditionally, urban planning followed a top-down approach in master planning the physical layout of human settlements."
"The primary concern was the public welfare, which included considerations of efficiency, sanitation, protection and use of the environment, as well as effects of the master plans on the social and economic activities."
"Over time, urban planning has adopted a focus on the social and environmental bottom-lines that focus on planning as a tool to improve the health and well-being of people while maintaining sustainability standards."
"In the early 21st century, Jane Jacobs's writings on legal and political perspectives effectively influenced urban planners to take into broader consideration of resident experiences and needs while planning."
"Urban planning answers questions about how people will live, work and play in a given area and thus, guides orderly development in urban, suburban and rural areas."
"Urban planners are also responsible for planning the efficient transportation of goods, resources, people and waste..."
"...a sense of inclusion and opportunity for people of all kinds, culture and needs; economic growth or business development; improving health and conserving areas of natural environmental significance..."
"Since most urban planning teams consist of highly educated individuals that work for city governments, recent debates focus on how to involve more community members in city planning processes."
"Urban planning is an interdisciplinary field that includes aspects of civil engineering, architecture, geography, political science, environmental studies, design sciences, history, economics, sociology, anthropology, business administration, and other fields."
"Practitioners of urban planning are concerned with research and analysis, strategic thinking, engineering architecture, urban design, public consultation, policy recommendations, implementation, and management."
"It is closely related to the field of urban design, and some urban planners provide designs for streets, parks, buildings, and other urban areas."
"The discipline of urban planning is the broader category that includes different sub-fields such as land-use planning, zoning, economic development, environmental planning, and transportation planning."
"Another important aspect of urban planning is that the range of urban planning projects include the large-scale master planning of empty sites or Greenfield projects as well as small-scale interventions and refurbishments of existing structures, buildings, and public spaces."
"Pierre Charles L'Enfant in Washington, D.C., Daniel Burnham in Chicago, Lúcio Costa in Brasília, and Georges-Eugene Haussmann in Paris planned cities from scratch, and Robert Moses and Le Corbusier refurbished and transformed cities and neighborhoods to meet their ideas of urban planning."
"Creating the plans requires a thorough understanding of penal codes and zonal codes of planning."
"Sustainable development was added as one of the main goals of all planning endeavors in the late 20th century when the detrimental economic and the environmental impacts of the previous models of planning had become apparent."