"Colonialism is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement."
Refers to the system of political, economic, and social domination by one country over another, often involves the exploitation of resources and human labor.
Imperialism: The policy of a country extending its power and influence over other territories.
Colonialism: The practice of one country establishing political, economic, and social control over another country or territory.
Eurocentrism: The belief in the superiority of European culture and its domination over non-European cultures.
Orientalism: A term coined by Edward Said to describe the Western representation of the East as exotic, mysterious, and inferior.
Hegemony: The dominance of one group or culture over others through economic, political, and cultural means.
Post-colonialism: The critical examination of the cultural, social, and economic legacy left by colonialism and the resistance to that legacy.
Nationalism: The belief in a shared identity based on cultural, ethnic, or geographical factors that leads to the formation of a nation-state.
Decolonization: The process of ending colonialism and establishing self-rule for colonized countries.
Neocolonialism: A system in which former colonial powers continue to exercise economic and political control over former colonies.
Cultural appropriation: The adoption of elements of a culture by members of a dominant culture without proper recognition or respect for the original culture.
Subaltern: The lower classes or marginalized groups who are often excluded from mainstream political and cultural discourse.
Indigenous resistance: The efforts of indigenous people to resist colonization and protect their cultures and lands.
Dependency theory: The idea that the economic development of less developed countries is hindered by their economic dependence on more developed countries.
Imperial nostalgia: The romanticized view of colonialism and the desire to return to a past that never existed.
Third World: A term originally used to describe countries that were not aligned with the capitalist West or communist East during the Cold War, but has since been used to describe economically underdeveloped countries.
Racism: The belief in the inherent superiority of one race over others, often used to justify colonialism and slavery.
Gender roles: The different expectations and stereotypes assigned to men and women in colonial societies.
Colonial violence: The violent means by which colonial powers maintained control over colonized populations.
Intellectual colonization: The process by which the dominant intellectual frameworks of colonial powers continue to influence the thinking of formerly colonized populations.
Globalization: The process by which countries, cultures, and economies become increasingly interconnected, often perpetuating existing power structures.
Settler Colonialism: This is a type of colonialism that involves the settlement of people from the colonizing country in the colonized land. Examples include the British colonization of Australia, Canada, and New Zealand.
Plantation Colonialism: This type of colonialism is characterized by the establishment of large agricultural plantations in the colonized territory. Example: the Dutch colonization of Indonesia.
Internal Colonialism: This involves the exploitation of a specific region or group within a country by the dominant region or group. Example: the treatment of the Kurdish people in Turkey.
Neocolonialism: This type of colonialism is characterized by the economic dominance of the formerly colonizing countries over the former colonies. This can occur through trade, investment, or aid agreements that favor the colonial powers. Example: European Union relationships with its former African colonies.
TNC Colonialism: This is the extension of colonial domination through the control of transnational corporations, particularly multinational corporations that act across national boundaries. Example: the extraction of resources by Western companies in African countries.
Imperialism: Imperialism refers to the political and economic domination of a country or territory by another power. Example: The political and economic exploitation of India, by the British Empire from 1858–1947.
Decolonization: Decolonization refers to the process of ending colonial rule in a particular territory or region. It began in the mid-20th century, with many former colonies gaining independence from their colonizers. Example: India won independence from the British Empire in 1947.
"Colonialism is etymologically rooted in the Latin word 'Colonus', which was used to describe tenant farmers in the Roman Empire."
"Colonialism has existed since ancient times."
"The concept is most strongly associated with the European and Japanese empires."
"Starting in the 15th century and extending to the mid-1900s."
"At first, conquest followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy."
"Agreements usually restricted the colony to trading only with the metropole (mother country)."
"By the mid-19th century."
"Missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian."
"Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe."
"By 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe."
"Colonial powers retreated between 1945 and 1975; over which time nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations."
"The coloni sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but the system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
"The system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
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