"Intersectionality is an analytical framework for understanding how a person's various social and political identities combine to create different modes of discrimination and privilege."
Explores how sexual orientation and gender identity intersect with other social identities such as race, class, and disability.
Intersectionality: Intersectionality is a concept that describes how different identities, such as race, gender, sexuality, class, ability, and religion, interact and intersect to shape experiences of oppression and privilege.
Queerness: Queerness is a term that refers to people who challenge or transgress dominant norms and expectations around gender and sexuality.
Race: The study of race is critical to queer intersectionality as it helps to explain how different racial and ethnic identities shape experiences of oppression and privilege.
Gender: Gender is a social construct that is fundamental to understanding how queer identities are constructed and how they may intersect with other identities.
Class: Class is an important aspect of queer intersectionality as it can impact access to resources, opportunities and experiences of oppression.
Sexuality: Sexuality is a major factor that impacts queer intersectionality, as it can intersect with other identities to produce different experiences of privilege and oppression.
Ableism: Ableism refers to discrimination against people with disabilities and is important to the study of intersectionality as it can intersect with other identities.
Religion: Religion can shape experiences of oppression and privilege, and is therefore relevant to the study of queer intersectionality.
Colonialism: The legacy of colonialism, especially in relation to land and resources, is critical to understanding experiences of oppression and privilege for marginalized communities.
Transgender Studies: Transgender studies examines experiences of those who identify as transgender, and highlights the ways that identities intersect with other social categories to shape their experiences.
Feminist and Women's Studies: Feminist and women’s studies are important to the study of intersectionality as they highlight how gender intersects with other social categories.
Postcolonialism: Postcolonialism is an important area of study as it highlights the ways in which colonialism and imperialism have shaped contemporary experiences of oppression and privilege.
Marxism: Marxist theory examines class relations and economic systems, which are crucial to understanding how different identities intersect in the production of oppression and privilege.
Globalization: Globalization has made the world more interconnected, and understanding its impact on marginalized communities is critical to the study of intersectionality.
Media Studies: Media studies play a crucial role in shaping the representations of different groups in society, and understanding how these representations intersect with different identities is important to the study of queer intersectionality.
"Examples of these factors include gender, caste, sex, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, disability, weight, and physical appearance."
"These intersecting and overlapping social identities may be both empowering and oppressing."
"Intersectional feminism aims to separate itself from white feminism by acknowledging women's differing experiences and identities."
"The term intersectionality was coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989."
"Intersectionality opposes analytical systems that treat each axis of oppression in isolation."
"In this framework, for instance, discrimination against black women cannot be explained as a simple combination of misogyny and racism, but as something more complicated."
"Intersectionality engages in similar themes as triple oppression, which is the oppression associated with being a poor or immigrant woman of color."
"Criticism includes the framework's tendency to reduce individuals to specific demographic factors, and its use as an ideological tool against other feminist theories."
"Critics have characterized the framework as ambiguous and lacking defined goals."
"As it is based in standpoint theory, critics say the focus on subjective experiences can lead to contradictions and the inability to identify common causes of oppression."
"However, little good-quality quantitative research has been done to support or undermine the theory of intersectionality."
"An analysis of academic articles published through December 2019 found that there are no widely adopted quantitative methods to investigate research questions informed by intersectionality."
"The analysis ... provided recommendations on analytic best practices for future research."
"An analysis of academic articles published through May 2020 found that intersectionality is frequently misunderstood when bridging theory into quantitative methodology."
"In 2022, a quantitative approach to intersectionality was proposed based on information theory, specifically synergistic information."
"In this framing, intersectionality is identified with the information about some outcome (e.g. income, etc.) that can only be learned when multiple identities (e.g. race and sex) are known together."
"Intersectionality is identified with the information about some outcome [...] that can [...] not [be] extractable from analysis of the individual identities considered separately."
"Critics [argue] the inability to identify common causes of oppression."
"Intersectionality broadens the scope of the first and second waves of feminism, [...] to include the different experiences of women of color, poor women, immigrant women, and other groups."