"Environmental racism, ecological racism or ecological apartheid is a form of institutional racism leading to landfills, incinerators, and hazardous waste disposal being disproportionately placed in communities of color."
The study of how climate change policies can perpetuate or mitigate environmental racism.
Definition and history of environmental justice: Understanding the roots and origins of environmental justice and its emergence as a crucial issue in climate change policy.
Climate change impacts on marginalized communities: Examining how climate change disproportionately affects low-income and marginalized communities, including tribes, people of color, and other vulnerable groups.
Environmental racism and discrimination: Recognizing and acknowledging the role of racism and discrimination in environmental policies and practices, and how this contributes to environmental injustices.
Public participation and community involvement: Understanding the importance of public participation and community involvement in climate change policy-making and decision-making processes.
Environmental policy and regulation: Analyzing the existing environmental regulations and policies, and assessing their effectiveness in addressing issues of environmental justice and equity.
Environmental health and social impacts: Investigating the social and health impacts of environmental injustices on communities.
Climate justice movements and advocacy: Examining the key players and movements working towards climate justice and advocating for equitable and sustainable environmental policies.
Environmental education and awareness: Discussing the role of education and awareness in building a more informed and engaged public and addressing environmental injustices effectively.
Alternatives to current environmental policies and practices: Exploring the potential alternatives to current environmental policies and practices, which could help to address the issue of environmental justice in climate change policy.
International perspectives on environmental justice: Considering the global dimensions of environmental justice and how it is being addressed in different countries, regions, and communities.
Geographic discrimination: When certain groups of people, based on race or income, are disproportionately affected by the negative impacts of climate change such as flooding, hurricanes, and heatwaves.
Unequal access to clean energy: When low-income communities or communities of color lack access to affordable and clean energy options, which contributes to higher greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.
Food insecurity: When changes in weather patterns, such as drought or flooding, affect the availability and affordability of food in certain communities more than others.
Lack of representation: When communities that are most affected by climate change are not adequately represented in decision-making processes for climate change policy and solutions.
Displacement: When communities are forced to relocate due to changes in their environment caused by climate change, but lack the resources to do so or are not adequately compensated for their losses.
Environmental degradation: When areas with high concentrations of minority or low-income communities are more likely to be exposed to toxins and pollutants, leading to greater health risks and environmental degradation.
Climate injustice: When vulnerable communities are disproportionately affected by the impacts of climate change, but have the least responsibility for the greenhouse gas emissions that cause it.
"It is also associated with extractivism, which places the environmental burdens of mining, oil extraction, and industrial agriculture upon indigenous peoples and poorer nations largely inhabited by people of color."
"Response to environmental racism has contributed to the environmental justice movement, which developed in the United States and abroad throughout the 1970s and 1980s."
"Environmental racism may disadvantage minority groups or numerical majorities, as in South Africa where apartheid had debilitating environmental impacts on Black people."
"Internationally, trade in global waste disadvantages global majorities in poorer countries largely inhabited by people of color."
"It also applies to the particular vulnerability of indigenous groups to environmental pollution."
"Environmental racism is a form of institutional racism, which has led to the disproportionate disposal of hazardous waste in communities of colour in Russia."
"Environmental racism is a type of inequality where people in Communities of Color and other low-income communities face a disproportionate risk of exposure to pollution and related health conditions."
"landfills, incinerators, and hazardous waste disposal being disproportionately placed in communities of color."
"Extractivism places the environmental burdens of mining, oil extraction, and industrial agriculture upon indigenous peoples and poorer nations largely inhabited by people of color."
"The environmental justice movement developed in the United States and abroad throughout the 1970s and 1980s."
"Trade in global waste disadvantages global majorities in poorer countries largely inhabited by people of color."
"Environmental racism is a form of institutional racism, which has led to the disproportionate disposal of hazardous waste in communities of colour in Russia."
"Environmental racism may disadvantage minority groups or numerical majorities."
"Environmental racism may disadvantage minority groups or numerical majorities, as in South Africa where apartheid had debilitating environmental impacts on Black people."
"Extractivism, institutional racism, and global waste trade are among the factors contributing to environmental racism."
"The environmental justice movement aims to combat and address the inequalities and injustices caused by environmental racism."
"The environmental burdens of mining, oil extraction, and industrial agriculture are placed upon indigenous peoples."
"People in communities of color and low-income communities face a disproportionate risk of exposure to pollution and related health conditions due to environmental racism."
"Communities of color, indigenous peoples, and low-income communities are often the most affected by environmental racism."