"Environmental justice or eco-justice, is a social movement to address environmental injustice, which occurs when poor and marginalized communities are harmed by hazardous waste, resource extraction, and other land uses from which they do not benefit."
The study of the relationship between environmental exposure and health outcomes for marginalized communities.
Environmental Justice: A concept that emphasizes the right of all individuals and communities to have equal access to a clean, healthy and safe environment.
Environmental Racism: The disproportionate exposure of minority and low-income communities to environmental pollution and hazards.
Environmental Epidemiology: The study of how environmental factors influence human health and disease.
Toxicology: The study of the effects of chemicals and other agents on living organisms, including humans.
Risk Assessment: The process of identifying, analyzing and evaluating the risks associated with different environmental hazards.
Health Impact Assessment: The evaluation of the potential health effects of policies, programs and projects on individuals and communities.
Climate Change and Health: The impact of anthropogenic (human-caused) climate change on human health and well-being.
Air Quality: The quality of the air we breathe, and the effects of air pollution on human health.
Water Quality: The quality of the water we drink, swim in or use for other purposes, and the impact of water pollution on human health.
Solid Waste and Hazardous Materials Management: The management of waste materials, including hazardous waste, to minimize the risk to human health and the environment.
Occupational Health: The study of the relationship between work and health, and the impact of workplace hazards on workers' health.
Food Safety and Nutrition: The safety and quality of the food we eat, and the impact of food-related environmental hazards on human health.
Environmental Sustainability: The ability of ecosystems to continue to support life and the impact of human activities on environmental sustainability.
Environmental Policy and Law: The development, interpretation, and implementation of laws, regulations and policies related to the environment and human health.
Public Health Advocacy: The promotion of policies, practices, and systems that improve environmental health and reduce health inequalities.
Air pollution: This refers to the presence of harmful substances, such as chemicals, particles, and gases in the air we breathe, which can cause health problems like allergies, asthma, and lung cancer.
Water Pollution: Contamination of groundwater (underground water) and surface water can lead to health problems like cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and cancer.
Soil Pollution: This type of pollution can cause soil degradation, leading to reduced crop yields, loss of biodiversity, and increased risk of cancer and other health problems.
Hazardous Waste Pollution: The improper management and disposal of hazardous waste can cause soil, air and water pollution, and can have serious health effects on humans, including cancer, birth defects, and developmental disorders.
Climate Change: Climate change can lead to environmental degradation, air and water pollution, and an increased incidence of diseases such as heat stroke, respiratory disorders, and vector-borne illnesses.
Noise Pollution: Noise pollution can lead to hearing loss, stress, and sleep disorders, and can negatively impact cognitive function.
Environmental Racism: Environmental Racism refers to the unequal distribution of environmental hazards, including pollution, toxic waste, and other environmental issues. It has been linked to racial and economic inequality and injustice.
Eco-Anxiety: Eco-anxiety refers to the anxiety, fear, and stress that people may experience in response to climate change, environmental degradation, or other environmental threats.
Green Infrastructure: Green infrastructure refers to the use of natural systems and technologies to manage stormwater and provide other environmental benefits, such as improving air quality and reducing urban heat islands.
Food Security: Food security refers to the availability and access to nutritious, safe, and affordable food, which is crucial for good health and is impacted by environmental factors like drought and soil pollution.
"The movement began in the United States in the 1980s."
"It was heavily influenced by the American civil rights movement and focused on environmental racism within rich countries."
"The movement was later expanded to consider gender, international environmental injustice, and inequalities within marginalized groups."
"The movement for environmental justice has thus become more global, with some of its aims now being articulated by the United Nations. The movement overlaps with movements for Indigenous land rights and for the human right to a healthy environment."
"The goal of the environmental justice movement is to achieve agency for marginalized communities in making environmental decisions that affect their lives."
"The global environmental justice movement arises from local environmental conflicts in which environmental defenders frequently confront multi-national corporations in resource extraction or other industries."
"Local outcomes of these conflicts are increasingly influenced by trans-national environmental justice networks."
"Environmental justice scholars have produced a large interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes contributions to political ecology, environmental law, and theories on justice and sustainability."
"Environmental injustice, which occurs when poor and marginalized communities are harmed by hazardous waste, resource extraction, and other land uses from which they do not benefit."
"The movement began in the United States in the 1980s."
"The movement was heavily influenced by the American civil rights movement and focused on environmental racism within rich countries."
"The movement was later expanded to consider gender, international environmental injustice, and inequalities within marginalized groups."
"As the movement achieved some success in rich countries, environmental burdens were shifted to the Global South (as, for example, through extractivism or the global waste trade)."
"The movement overlaps with movements for Indigenous land rights and for the human right to a healthy environment."
"The goal of the environmental justice movement is to achieve agency for marginalized communities in making environmental decisions that affect their lives."
"Local outcomes of these conflicts are increasingly influenced by trans-national environmental justice networks."
"Environmental justice scholars have produced a large interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes contributions to political ecology, environmental law, and theories on justice and sustainability."
"Exposure to environmental harm is inequitably distributed."
"As the movement achieved some success in rich countries, environmental burdens were shifted to the Global South."