"Educational assessment or educational evaluation is the systematic process of documenting and using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
It includes the various methods used by teachers to assess and evaluate the students' learning progress.
Types of Assessment: Understanding the different types of assessment and their purposes, including formative assessment, summative assessment, diagnostic assessment, and authentic assessment.
Assessment Design: How to design assessments that align with learning objectives, are valid, reliable, and authentic, and appropriate for the intended audience.
Evaluation: Understanding the different types of evaluation, including program evaluation, teacher evaluation, and student evaluation.
Data Analysis: How to analyze and interpret assessment data, including statistical analysis, and how to effectively use data to inform instructional decisions.
Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Testing: Understanding the differences between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced testing, and how to use each for different purposes.
Rubrics and Scoring: Understanding how to develop and use effective rubrics and scoring criteria to accurately assess student learning.
Standardized Testing: Understanding the purpose and impact of standardized testing on assessments and evaluations in education.
Grading: Understanding how to establish and maintain fair and accurate grading practices in alignment with learning objectives.
Technology and Assessment: Exploring how technology can be used to support assessment and evaluation processes in education.
Multicultural Assessment: Understanding how to develop and administer assessments that are sensitive to the cultural and linguistic diversity of learners.
Formative assessment: This assessment helps teachers to identify the strengths and weaknesses of students in the learning process while teaching the lesson.
Summative assessment: This assessment evaluates a student's learning at the end of a unit, grading period, or school year.
Norm-referenced assessment: This assessment compares a student's performance to the performance of a group of students in a similar grade, age, or demographic category.
Criterion-referenced assessment: This assessment measures a student's mastery of specific learning objectives, regardless of other factors like time, grade or demographic category.
Performance assessment: This assessment measures a student's ability to apply knowledge and skills to perform a task or complete an activity.
Portfolio assessment: This assessment evaluates a student's learning through a collection of work and assignments curated over time.
Self-assessment: This assessment encourages students to reflect on their own learning and evaluate their own progress.
Peer assessment: This assessment involves students providing constructive feedback to their peers and evaluating their progress.
Diagnostic assessment: This assessment helps teachers identify students' gaps in understanding and skills to tailor instruction nearly.
Authentic assessment: This assessment requires students to apply what they have learned to real-world scenarios.
Traditional assessment: This assessment typically involves standardized tests, quizzes, and exams to measure student achievement.
Alternative assessment: This assessment measures learning in creative and non-traditional ways, allowing students to showcase their strengths in different forms.
Standard-based assessment: This assessment focuses on whether students have achieved expected learning outcomes, often aligned with state standards.
Rubric-based assessment: This assessment measures student achievement on a set of criteria through a categorical scoring system.
Constructive feedback: Feedback is given aimed at helping students improve their performance by identifying what they have done effectively and pointing out areas that need improvement.
Observational assessment: This assessment involves observing students and documenting the results, which can help inform future teaching strategies.
Dynamic assessment: This assessment is an interactive assessment that is used to determine a student's capacity to learn by evaluating their response to specific teaching interventions.
Computer-based assessment: This assessment requires the use of technology and evaluates a student's knowledge of a specific topic, such as math or science.
Authentic assessment: This assessment requires students to apply what they have learned to real-world scenarios.
Continuous assessment: This assessment involves the ongoing evaluation of student progress throughout the year.
Peer teaching: This assessment involves having students teach a concept in front of the class to evaluate their understanding of the material.
Audio-visual and video presentations: This assessment helps to evaluate student presentation skills, creativity and communication ability.
"Assessment data can be obtained from directly examining student work to assess the achievement of learning outcomes or can be based on data from which one can make inferences about learning."
"Assessment is often used interchangeably with test, but not limited to tests."
"Assessment can focus on the individual learner, the learning community, a course, an academic program, the institution, or the educational system as a whole (also known as granularity)."
"The word 'assessment' came into use in an educational context after the Second World War."
"As a continuous process, assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes, providing a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations."
"Assessment is an important aspect of the educational process which determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the theoretical framework of the practitioners and researchers, their assumptions and beliefs about the nature of the human mind, the origin of knowledge, and the process of learning."
"...using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude, and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
"Assessment data can be obtained from directly examining student work to assess the achievement of learning outcomes..."
"Assessment can focus on the individual learner, the learning community, a course, an academic program, the institution, or the educational system as a whole..."
"Implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations."
"Assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes."
"...providing a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations, and using the collected information to inform improvement in student learning."
"Assessment is an important aspect of the educational process which determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the theoretical framework of the practitioners and researchers..."
"Assessment... determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"Using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude, and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the... assumptions and beliefs about the nature of the human mind, the origin of knowledge, and the process of learning."
"As a continuous process, assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes, provides a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implements a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence..."