"Educational assessment or educational evaluation is the systematic process of documenting and using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
Analyzes the various assessments and tests used in evaluating student progress and the effectiveness of educational policies.
Testing principles and theory: Understanding the basic principles and theory of testing, including the different types of tests, testing formats, and how test scores are interpreted and used.
Test development: Learning how to develop high-quality tests that accurately measure the knowledge and skills of students in specific subject areas.
Test administration: Understanding the process of administering tests, including how to create a testing environment that minimizes distractions and promotes student success.
Test analysis: Learning how to analyze test results to identify strengths and weaknesses in student performance and devise strategies for improving outcomes.
Item analysis: Understanding how to analyze individual test items to identify their effectiveness in measuring specific skills and knowledge.
Test reliability and validity: Learning about the concepts of reliability and validity in testing, including how to measure and assess these factors for different types of tests.
Standardized tests: Understanding the role of standardized tests in the educational system and their strengths and weaknesses.
Alternative forms of assessment: Learning about alternative forms of assessment, including authentic assessment, performance assessment, and portfolio assessment.
High-stakes testing: Understanding the potential consequences of high-stakes testing, including their impact on student motivation, teacher performance, and school funding.
Testing and educational reform: Examining the role of testing and assessment in educational reform efforts, including issues such as accountability, teacher evaluation, and curriculum standards.
Formative Assessment: This type of assessment is mainly used during the learning process to evaluate student progress and provide them with feedback to improve understanding.
Summative Assessment: This assessment is used at the end of a learning period to measure how much a student has learned in a particular subject or course.
Norm-referenced Assessment: This type of assessment is used to compare the performance of a student with the performance of other students within the same demographic group.
Criterion-referenced Assessment: This type of assessment is used to determine whether a student has achieved a specific skill or competency set by a particular standard.
Diagnostic Assessment: The primary goal of this type of assessment is to determine any gaps in a student's knowledge or skills in a particular subject or course.
Portfolio Assessment: This type of assessment involves collecting and evaluating evidence of a student's progress or achievement over time.
Performance Assessment: This type of assessment evaluates educational outcomes based on specific tasks or projects completed by a student, often requires real-world application of knowledge and skills.
Authentic Assessment: This assessment requires students to use their knowledge and skills in real-world contexts or situations that closely resemble the actual job or task.
Computer-Based Assessment: This type of assessment is delivered electronically, usually through online platforms, and often includes multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, or other interactive formats.
Rubrics Assessment: Rubrics are specific criteria that are used to evaluate a student's work. They are commonly used for performance and project assessments.
Adaptive Assessment: This assessment is a computer-based testing technique that adapts to the ability level of the student.
Benchmarking Assessments: This type of assessment evaluates student performance against strategic goals or benchmarks to measure the overall success of educational programs and school districts.
Dynamic Assessment: Dynamic assessment identifies the student's learning potential, measures their ability to learn and adapt, and encourages them to overcome hurdles beyond their cognitive or academic capabilities.
Interim Assessments: These assessments provide students and instructors the ability to monitor improvement on standardized assessments or formative assessments over a longer period of time.
Standardized Testing: These tests are used to evaluate student progress against fixed-set standards, often at the district, state, national or global level.
"Assessment data can be obtained from directly examining student work to assess the achievement of learning outcomes or can be based on data from which one can make inferences about learning."
"Assessment is often used interchangeably with test, but not limited to tests."
"Assessment can focus on the individual learner, the learning community, a course, an academic program, the institution, or the educational system as a whole (also known as granularity)."
"The word 'assessment' came into use in an educational context after the Second World War."
"As a continuous process, assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes, providing a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations."
"Assessment is an important aspect of the educational process which determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the theoretical framework of the practitioners and researchers, their assumptions and beliefs about the nature of the human mind, the origin of knowledge, and the process of learning."
"...using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude, and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
"Assessment data can be obtained from directly examining student work to assess the achievement of learning outcomes..."
"Assessment can focus on the individual learner, the learning community, a course, an academic program, the institution, or the educational system as a whole..."
"Implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations."
"Assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes."
"...providing a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implementing a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence to determine how well student learning matches expectations, and using the collected information to inform improvement in student learning."
"Assessment is an important aspect of the educational process which determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the theoretical framework of the practitioners and researchers..."
"Assessment... determines the level of accomplishments of students."
"Using empirical data on the knowledge, skill, attitudes, aptitude, and beliefs to refine programs and improve student learning."
"The final purpose of assessment practices in education depends on the... assumptions and beliefs about the nature of the human mind, the origin of knowledge, and the process of learning."
"As a continuous process, assessment establishes measurable and clear student learning outcomes, provides a sufficient amount of learning opportunities to achieve these outcomes, implements a systematic way of gathering, analyzing and interpreting evidence..."