"Energy economics is a broad scientific subject area which includes topics related to supply and use of energy in societies."
This subfield studies the economics of the energy sector, including the demand for energy, fuel pricing, and the economics of energy production.
Energy sources and technology: This topic involves an overview of various energy sources, including fossil fuels, renewable sources, and the technologies needed to extract, refine and convert them into usable forms of energy.
Energy market structures and regulations: Understanding the structure of energy markets, including factors that influence supply and demand, pricing, and the role of government regulation and policy in energy markets.
Energy consumption trends and forecasting: An analysis of global and regional energy consumption patterns, future energy demand projections, and the likely trends in energy use and production.
Energy efficiency: The study of the efficiency of energy use, including the measures to improve energy efficiency in different sectors and the impact of energy efficiency on the economy.
Environmental impacts and climate change: An overview of the environmental impacts of energy use, including the impact on climate change, and the measures to reduce emissions of atmospheric pollutants.
Energy security and geopolitics: Understanding the factors that affect energy security, including the risks of supply disruption, political stability, and the influence of geopolitical factors on energy markets and prices.
Energy economics and policy: An analysis of the economic and policy factors that influence energy decisions, including the role of subsidies, taxes, and incentives, and the impact of energy policy on the economy, environment, and society.
Energy modelling and optimization: The study of energy modelling and optimization techniques, including the use of mathematical models to determine the optimal energy mix, supply chains, and energy management strategies.
Energy investment and financing: Understanding the financial aspects of energy development and investment, including the role of investors, banks, and financial institutions, and the evaluation of different investment opportunities.
Energy and sustainable development: The integration of energy and sustainability issues, including the need to balance economic, social, and environmental objectives in energy policy and decision-making.
Renewable Energy Economics: This is the study of the economics of renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy.
Fossil Fuel Economics: This is the study of the economics of non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil, and gas.
Nuclear Energy Economics: This is the study of the economics of nuclear power, including the cost of building and operating nuclear power plants, as well as the cost of decommissioning them.
Energy Efficiency Economics: This is the study of the economics of energy efficiency, including the cost of implementing energy efficiency measures and the savings that result from them.
Energy Storage Economics: This is the study of the economics of energy storage technologies, including batteries, pumped hydro storage, and compressed air storage.
Energy Transition Economics: This is the study of the economics of transitioning from a reliance on non-renewable energy sources to renewable energy sources.
Smart Grid Economics: This is the study of the economics of smart grid technologies, including the cost of implementing and operating them, as well as the potential savings from improved energy efficiency and reduced energy waste.
Energy Policy Economics: This is the study of the economics of energy policy, including the development and implementation of policies related to energy supply, consumption, and conservation.
Carbon Markets and Climate Economics: This is the study of the economics of carbon markets, including the cost of emissions credits and the potential benefits of reducing carbon emissions on the global climate.
Energy Access Economics: This is the study of the economics of providing access to energy to people who currently lack access to reliable and affordable energy sources.
"Considering the cost of energy services and associated value gives economic meaning to the efficiency at which energy can be produced."
"Energy services can be defined as functions that generate and provide energy to the desired end services or states."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required to produce the energy service, such as lighting, heating, and fuel."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building."
"Energy economics is relevant to a broad scale of human activities, including households and businesses at a microeconomic level and resource management and environmental impacts at a macroeconomic level."
"Energy services can be defined as functions that generate and provide energy to the desired end services or states."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required, e.g., kWh, mJ, see Units of Energy."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building, although it is relevant to a broad scale of human activities, including households and businesses."
"Energy economics is relevant to macroeconomic level resource management and environmental impacts."
"Considering the cost of energy services and associated value gives economic meaning to the efficiency at which energy can be produced."
"Energy economics is a broad scientific subject area which includes topics related to supply and use of energy in societies."
"The efficiency of energy services is dependent on the engineered technology used to produce and supply energy."
"It is relevant to households at a microeconomic level."
"It is relevant to businesses at a microeconomic level."
"The main sectors considered in energy economics are transportation and building."
"The goal is to minimize energy input required to produce the energy service."
"The energy service, such as lighting (lumens), heating (temperature), and fuel (natural gas)."