- "Health technology assessment (HTA) is a multidisciplinary process that uses systematic and explicit methods to evaluate the properties and effects of a health technology."
Evaluation of the effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of health technologies, including drugs, devices, and procedures.
Introduction to Health Technology Assessment (HTA): This topic introduces the concept of HTA, its scope, and its objectives. It examines the reasons for the increasing importance of HTA in healthcare decision-making.
Health Economics: This topic provides the foundations of economic theory and the specific applications of economics in the health sector.
Health Outcomes: This topic focuses on the measurement and valuation of health outcomes, including quality of life and health-related quality of life.
Cost analysis: This topic looks at the different types of costs and how they are measured, including direct, indirect, and intangible costs.
Clinical Trials: This topic looks at the design, conduct, and analysis of clinical trials and their relevance to HTA.
Epidemiology: This topic provides an overview of the epidemiology of diseases, including their incidence and prevalence, risk factors, and natural history.
Health policy: This topic examines the role of health policy in healthcare decision-making and how it influences HTA.
Health technology assessment methods: This topic provides an overview of the different HTA methods, including cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis, and cost-benefit analysis.
Decision modeling: This topic covers the principles and techniques of modeling in HTA, including the use of decision trees, Markov models, and Monte Carlo simulations.
Evidence synthesis: This topic examines the different methods of evidence synthesis, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and network meta-analyses.
Health Service Research: This topic explores the delivery, organization, and financing of healthcare services and their role in HTA.
Health psychology: This topic examines the psychological and behavioral factors that influence health outcomes, including patient beliefs, attitudes, and preferences.
Health ethics: This topic considers the ethical aspects of HTA and healthcare decision-making, including issues of distributive justice and fairness.
Health policy and management: This topic examines the role of healthcare policy and management in healthcare decision-making, systems design, and quality improvement.
Evidence-based medicine: This topic explores the principles and applications of evidence-based medicine in HTA, including systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, and decision support tools.
Health informatics: This topic examines the role of IT and informatics in HTA, including electronic health records, health information exchange, and decision support systems.
Health law: This topic explores the legal aspects of HTA and healthcare decision-making, including regulatory frameworks, intellectual property, and liability.
Health systems and policy analysis: This topic examines the structure and organization of health systems and the role of policy analysis in shaping healthcare decision-making.
Pharmaceutical economics: This topic examines the economic aspects of pharmaceuticals, including drug pricing, reimbursement, and access to medicines.
Health communication: This topic explores the role of communication in healthcare decision-making and the dissemination of HTA findings.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA): A type of analysis that compares the cost of a health intervention to the benefits it provides in terms of health outcomes. This type of analysis is typically used to determine if a health intervention is cost-effective.
Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA): This type of analysis compares the costs of implementing an intervention with the benefits, which are expressed in terms of monetary value. This is usually used to determine if the benefits of an intervention outweigh the costs, with the end result being expressed in a monetary value.
Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA): This type of analysis compares the costs of an intervention to the benefits it provides in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). This is usually used to determine how much an intervention improves the quality of life, and helps inform decisions regarding which interventions are cost-effective.
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA): This type of analysis takes into account multiple factors that contribute to a decision, including clinical effectiveness, cost, and patient preferences. This type of analysis is useful when there are multiple interventions that are similarly effective, but vary in cost or other factors.
Markov Modeling: This type of analysis uses a mathematical model to simulate how people move through different stages of a disease or treatment. It is useful for analyzing long-term health outcomes and comparing the cost-effectiveness of different interventions.
Budget Impact Analysis (BIA): This type of analysis provides an estimate of the financial impact of a new intervention on a healthcare budget. It is useful for decision-makers in determining how much funding to allocate for new interventions and programs.
Equity Analysis: This type of analysis examines how health interventions impact different groups of people, based on factors such as income, race, and gender. It is useful for identifying potential disparities in healthcare access and outcomes, and for determining how interventions can be made more equitable.
Real-World Evidence (RWE): This type of analysis uses data collected from real-world programs and interventions to evaluate their effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. It is useful for informing decisions about whether to implement new interventions on a larger scale.
Value-Based Assessment (VBA): This type of analysis assesses the value and benefit of healthcare services by taking into account the multiple dimensions of healthcare. It is useful for determining how healthcare organizations can deliver value-based care, which uses well-defined clinical indicators to manage patient care.
Health Impact Assessment (HIA): This type of analysis assesses the potential health effects of a proposed policy or intervention. It aims to identify potential health impacts, both positive and negative, and to inform decision-makers about how to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive ones.
- "Health technology is conceived as any intervention (test, device, medicine, vaccine, procedure, program) at any point in its lifecycle (pre-market, regulatory approval, post-market, disinvestment)."
- "HTA aim is to inform decision-making in order to promote an equitable, efficient, and high-quality health system."
- "A method of evidence synthesis that considers evidence regarding clinical effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness and, when broadly applied, includes social, ethical, and legal aspects of the use of health technologies."
- "The precise balance of these inputs depends on the purpose of each individual HTA."
- "A major use of HTAs is in informing reimbursement and coverage decisions by insurers and national health systems."
- "HTAs should include benefit-harm assessment and economic evaluation."
- "A multidisciplinary process that summarises information about the medical, social, economic, and ethical issues related to the use of a health technology in a systematic, transparent, unbiased, robust manner."
- "Its aim is to inform the formulation of safe, effective, health policies that are patient-focused and seek to achieve the best value."
- "Despite its policy goals, HTA must always be firmly rooted in research and the scientific method."