"In computer science, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
The study of the functional units of a computer system, including CPU, memory, and input/output devices, and their interaction with each other.
Digital Logic Design: Understanding the basics of digital logic gates and their implementation using Boolean Algebra.
Number Systems: Different types of number systems like binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal and conversions between them.
Computer Arithmetic: Basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and their representation in binary form.
Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates: Analysis and synthesis of digital logic using Boolean algebra, Karnaugh maps, and logic gates.
Combinational Logic Circuits: Understanding combinational logic circuits like multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders, decoders, and comparators.
Sequential Circuits: Basics of flip-flops, counters, shift registers, and their implementation using logic circuits.
Memory and Memory Organization: Types of memory like Cache, RAM, ROM, and their organization using memory hierarchy.
Input/Output Organization: Concept of input/output devices, their types, modes of operation, and interfacing with the CPU.
Computer Processor Architecture: A detailed study of the CPU architecture, including pipelining, instruction cycle, instruction set, and addressing modes.
Assembler, Compiler, and Linker: Knowing how programming languages are compiled, assembled, and linked into executable code.
Operating Systems: Understanding the concepts of operating systems, their types, and features like process management, memory management, and scheduling algorithms.
Computer Networks: Basics of computer networks, their architecture, and communication protocols like TCP/IP, routing, and switching.
System Software: The role of system software in the execution of computer programs like Operating Systems, Assembler, Linkers, and Compilers.
Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems: Understanding microcontrollers, their applications, and programming in assembly and C languages.
Parallel Processing and CPU Architecture: A comprehensive study of parallel processors, threads, and multicore CPUs.
High-Performance Computing: An understanding of high-performance computing systems, their architecture, and applications like GPUs and clusters.
Quantum Computing: Basics of quantum computing, their architecture, and operations using quantum gates and qubits.
Artificial Intelligence: Basics of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and neural networks, their applications, and role in computer organization.
Security and Encryption: Basics of cryptography, encryption, and decryption techniques, and their implementation in computer systems.
Cloud Computing: Understanding cloud computing, their architecture, and their impact on computer organization.
Von Neumann Architecture: This is the most common type of computer architecture, in which data and instructions are stored in the same memory unit, and the CPU fetches and executes them in a sequential manner.
Harvard Architecture: In this type of computer architecture, data and instructions are stored in separate memory units, allowing the CPU to access them independently and perform multiple operations simultaneously.
Flynn's Taxonomy: This categorizes computer architectures based on the number of instruction streams and data streams that can be executed simultaneously, resulting in four categories: SISD, SIMD, MISD, and MIMD.
CISC: Complex Instruction Set Computers have a large and diverse instruction set and can execute complex instructions, making them suitable for complex applications.
RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computers simplify the instruction set, enabling faster execution speed and lower power consumption.
VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word computers execute multiple instructions in parallel by bundling them into a single long instruction.
EPIC: Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing architecture is similar to VLIW, but it extracts parallelism at compile-time rather than run-time.
Cache-based computer architecture: This type of architecture uses a hierarchical system of caches to improve memory access times and reduce the latency of computing operations.
SIMD Array Processor: A parallel computing architecture that uses arrays of processing elements to execute the same instruction simultaneously on multiple data sets.
Vector processors: These processors use one instruction to perform the same operation on multiple data sets, using vector registers to hold the data.
Neuromorphic Architecture: This type of computer architecture is modeled after the human brain, using neurons and synapses to carry out computing operations and learn from data.
Quantum computers: Quantum computers use quantum mechanics principles to manipulate information, allowing them to perform exponentially more computations than classical computers.
Optical computers: This architecture uses light instead of electrical signals to perform computing operations, potentially enabling faster and more energy-efficient computing.
FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Arrays are reconfigurable hardware used to accelerate specific computing tasks.
Multi-core processors: These processors have multiple independent processing units on a single chip, enabling faster and more efficient parallel processing.
Hybrid computer architecture: This type of architecture combines different types of processors, such as CPUs and GPUs, to optimize performance for specific computing tasks.
"It is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
"It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation."
"At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation."
"It is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
"Computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
"In computer science, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
"It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation."
"The description may include the instruction set architecture design."
"The description may include the microarchitecture design."
"The description may include the logic design."
"The description may include the implementation."
"It is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."
"It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation."
"The description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation."
"The description may include the implementation."
"It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation."
"The description may include the logic design."
"The description may include the microarchitecture design."
"It is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts."