"Solubility equilibrium is a type of dynamic equilibrium that exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution of that compound."
The product of the ion concentrations in a saturated solution of a salt at a given temperature. Used to calculate the solubility of a salt, and to determine whether or not a precipitate will form in a given solution.
Solubility: The amount of a substance that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature and pressure.
Saturated Solutions: Solutions containing the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a particular temperature and pressure.
Unsaturated Solutions: Solutions containing less than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a particular temperature and pressure.
Supersaturated Solutions: Solutions that contain more than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a particular temperature and pressure.
Solubility Product Constant: A constant that describes the equilibrium between a solid and its ions in a solution at equilibrium.
Common Ion Effect: The reduction in solubility of an ionic compound due to the presence of another soluble compound that contains a common ion.
Ion Product: The product of the concentrations of ions in a solution, used to determine the direction of a reaction and the solubility of a compound.
Precipitation: The process of a solid forming from a solution, due to a decrease in solubility caused by changing the conditions of the solution.
Factors Affecting Solubility: Temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent can all affect the solubility of a substance in a solution.
Henry's Law: A principle that states that the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.
Common Ion Effect: This is the reduction in the solubility of a salt when another salt is added to the solution that has an ion in common with the first salt. For example, if sodium chloride is added to a solution of AgCl, it will decrease the solubility of AgCl because both salts have chloride ions in common.
Supersaturation: This occurs when a solution contains more dissolved solute than it would under normal conditions of saturation. This can occur when a solution is cooled or at high pressures, allowing more solute to dissolve than can remain in solution at normal temperatures and pressures.
Complex Ion Formation: This is when the solubility of a salt is increased by the addition of a ligand to form a complex ion. For example, the addition of ammonia to a solution of copper sulfate forms a complex ion, increasing the solubility of copper sulfate in solution.
Ostwald Solubility Coefficient: It is a measure of the solubility of an electrolyte in a solvent. It is the ratio of the concentration of the saturated solution to the concentration of the electrolyte in mol/L.
Henry's Law: It is applicable to the solutions that contain gases. It describes the solubility of a gas in a liquid at a given temperature as being directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas over the liquid.
Raoult's Law: It is applicable to solutions containing volatile components. It states that the vapor pressure of a solution is proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent in the solution.
Colligative Properties: These properties are the physical properties of solutions that depend on the concentration of the solute particles but not on their chemical identity. The four colligative properties are boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure.
Activity Coefficient: It is a dimensionless quantity that describes the deviation from ideal behavior in a solution. The activity coefficient is used to calculate the concentration of effective solute particles in a real solution.
Partition coefficient: It is a measure of the solubility of a compound in two immiscible solvents. It is defined as the ratio of the concentrations of the compound in the two solvents when it reaches equilibrium.
Solubility Parameter: It is a measure of the compatibility of solvents and solutes. It is the square root of the cohesive energy density of the solvent and solute.
Kinetic Solubility: It is a measure of the rate of dissolution of a substance in a solvent.
Ionic product: It is the product of the concentrations of the dissolved ions in a solution at equilibrium. It is used to calculate the solubility of a salt in water.
Solubility limit: It is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
"The solid may dissolve unchanged, with dissociation, or with chemical reaction with another constituent of the solution, such as acid or alkali."
"Each solubility equilibrium is characterized by a temperature-dependent solubility product which functions like an equilibrium constant."
"Each solubility equilibrium is characterized by a temperature-dependent solubility product which functions like an equilibrium constant."
"Solubility equilibria are important in pharmaceutical, environmental, and many other scenarios."
"Solubility equilibrium is a type of dynamic equilibrium."
"Solubility equilibrium exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution of that compound."
"The solid may dissolve unchanged, with dissociation, or with chemical reaction with another constituent of the solution, such as acid or alkali."
"Yes, each solubility equilibrium is characterized by a temperature-dependent solubility product which functions like an equilibrium constant."
"Yes, solubility equilibria are important in pharmaceutical, environmental, and many other scenarios."
"The temperature-dependent solubility product functions like an equilibrium constant, defining the extent of solubility at different temperatures."
"Solubility equilibrium is a type of dynamic equilibrium specific to a chemical compound in the solid state and its corresponding solution."
"The solubility product, which is temperature-dependent, characterizes the solubility of a compound in solubility equilibrium."
"Yes, the solid in solubility equilibrium may undergo chemical reactions with other constituents of the solution, such as acid or alkali."
"No, solubility equilibrium exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in equilibrium with a solution of that compound."
"The temperature-dependence of the solubility product implies that the solubility of a compound may vary at different temperatures."
"Solubility equilibria play a vital role in pharmaceutical, environmental, and various other scenarios."
"The extent of solubility is determined by the temperature-dependent solubility product, which functions like an equilibrium constant."
"Yes, the solid in solubility equilibrium may undergo chemical reactions with other constituents of the solution, such as acid or alkali."
"The temperature-dependent solubility product in solubility equilibrium functions similarly to an equilibrium constant, defining the extent of solubility at different temperatures."