"Virus classification is the process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms."
The categorization of viruses into different groups based on their genetic material, morphology, replication strategy and host range.
Basic Virology Concepts: Introduction to the study of viruses, their structure, replication, and host interaction.
Virus Classification: A hierarchical system to group viruses based on their characteristics, such as genome type and morphology.
Taxonomic Ranks: Classification criteria, including order, family, subfamily, genus, and species.
Nucleic Acid Type: Four different virus classifications based on the nucleic acid type; RNA or DNA virus or single-stranded or double-stranded nucleic acid.
Viral Morphology: Understanding the shape and size of viruses, as well as their envelope structure, tail, and other features.
Host Range: How viruses affect different hosts and range, from animal and human viruses to plant and bacterial viruses.
Sequencing and Phylogeny: Techniques like sequencing and phylogenetics are used to classify viruses based on sequence similarity and evolutionary history.
Viral Replication: The various mechanisms used by viruses to replicate their genomes inside host cells, such as the lytic and lysogenic cycles.
Virulence: Factors that influence the virulence of viral infections, including genetic factors.
Transmission: Different ways viruses can infect hosts through transmission methods like aerosols, bodily fluids, and contact.
Immune Response: How viruses interact with the host immune system, including viral evasion tactics.
Antiviral Agents: Types of antiviral treatments used in the treatment of viral infections, such as antiviral drugs and vaccines.
Emerging Viruses: Important emerging viruses, including their origins, transmission, and pathology.
Diagnostic Techniques: Different diagnostic techniques used to identify viruses, including serological tests, nucleic acid amplification, and electron microscopy.
Natural History of Viruses: Understanding the history of viruses, including their origins, evolutionary history, and historical outbreaks.
dsDNA viruses: These are viruses whose genetic material is double-stranded DNA. They include the herpesviruses, papillomaviruses, adenoviruses, and poxviruses.
ssDNA viruses: These are viruses whose genetic material is single-stranded DNA. They include the parvoviruses.
dsRNA viruses: These are viruses whose genetic material is double-stranded RNA. They include the reoviruses.
ssRNA(+) viruses: These are viruses whose genetic material is single-stranded RNA that functions as mRNA. They include the picornaviruses, flaviviruses, and coronaviruses.
ssRNA(-) viruses: These are viruses whose genetic material is single-stranded RNA that has to be converted into mRNA. They include the orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, and rhabdoviruses.
Retroviruses: These are RNA viruses that have the ability to reverse transcribe their RNA genome into DNA. They include the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV).
Satellites: These are viruses that require the presence of another virus (helper virus) to replicate. They include the satellite tobacco necrosis virus.
Viroids: These are infectious agents that consist of single-stranded RNA without a protein coat. They are transmitted via plant seeds or pollen and cause systemic diseases in plants.
Prions: These are infectious agents that consist of misfolded proteins that can propagate by converting normal proteins into abnormal versions. They are believed to cause mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.
"The formal taxonomic classification of viruses is the responsibility of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) system."
"Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause."
"The Baltimore classification system can be used to place viruses into one of seven groups based on their manner of mRNA synthesis."
"Specific naming conventions and further classification guidelines are set out by the ICTV."
"The process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms."
"The formal taxonomic classification of viruses is the responsibility of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) system."
"Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause."
"The Baltimore classification system can be used to place viruses into one of seven groups based on their manner of mRNA synthesis."
"A catalogue of all the world's known viruses has been proposed and, in 2013, some preliminary efforts were underway."