"A zoonosis or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen that can jump from a non-human to a human and vice versa."
Parasitic infections of animals that can be transmitted to humans, including Toxoplasmosis, Echinococcosis, and Rabies. Covers epidemiology and preventive strategies.
Introduction to Parasitic Zoonoses: Understand the concept of parasitic zoonoses, their prevalence, and impact on human health.
Parasite Biology and Ecology: Learn about the taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, transmission, and distribution of parasites.
Parasite Host Interaction: Understand the mechanisms of parasite invasion, colonization, and host immune response.
Diagnostic Techniques: Learn about the various methods of detecting and diagnosing parasitic zoonoses in humans and animals.
Epidemiology and Control: Understand the factors that influence the occurrence and transmission of parasitic zoonoses, and the strategies to control their spread.
Specific Parasitic Infections: Learn about the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of specific parasitic diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, giardiasis, and toxoplasmosis.
Emerging and Re-emerging Parasitic Diseases: Understand the factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of parasitic zoonoses, and the challenges posed by these diseases.
Zoonotic Parasites in Food and Water: Learn about the transmission of parasitic zoonoses through contaminated food and water, and the measures to prevent and control their spread.
One Health and Parasitic Zoonoses: Understand the One Health approach and its relevance to the control and prevention of parasitic zoonoses.
Social and Cultural Impact of Parasitic Zoonoses: Explore the social and cultural impact of parasitic zoonoses, including stigma, discrimination, and access to healthcare.
Toxoplasmosis: It's a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, and it's transmitted to humans via infected cat feces, contaminated food or water, or by organ transplant or blood transfusion. The disease can cause flu-like symptoms, vision impairment, and even miscarriage in pregnant women.
Malaria: It's a life-threatening disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium protozoan parasites. Symptoms of malaria include fever, chills, headache, and body aches.
Leishmaniasis: It's a disease caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites, transmitted by the bites of infected sandflies. It can cause skin sores, fever, and enlarged spleen and liver.
Giardiasis: This is an intestinal disease caused by Giardia lamblia protozoan parasites. The disease is transmitted through contaminated water, food or surfaces, and can cause diarrhea, stomach cramps, and nausea.
Lyme disease: It's transmitted by ticks infected with the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. This disease can cause flu-like symptoms, rash, and neurological problems.
Schistosomiasis: This is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes that live in freshwater snails. The disease is acquired when humans come in contact with contaminated water, and it can cause chronic damage to the liver, bladder, and kidneys.
Echinococcosis: A parasitic zoonosis caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. It is contracted by eating undercooked meat from infected animals, and it can cause cysts in the liver, lungs, and other organs.
Taeniasis: It's a disease caused by tapeworms of the genus Taenia, and it's transmitted to humans through the consumption of undercooked pork or beef. It can cause abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea.
Trichinosis: A disease caused by Trichinella roundworms that get into the body by eating raw or undercooked meat of infected animals, and it can cause muscle pain, fever, and swelling of the eyes.
"Major modern diseases such as Ebola virus disease and salmonellosis are zoonoses."
"HIV was a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans in the early part of the 20th century."
"Most strains of influenza that infect humans are human diseases, although many strains of bird flu and swine flu are zoonoses."
"Taenia solium infection is one of the neglected tropical diseases with public health and veterinary concern in endemic regions."
"Of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic."
"In direct zoonosis, the disease is directly transmitted from non-humans to humans through media such as air (influenza) or through bites and saliva (rabies)."
"When humans infect non-humans, it is called reverse zoonosis or anthroponosis."
"The term is from Greek: ζῷον zoon 'animal' and νόσος nosos 'sickness'."
"Host genetics plays an important role in determining which non-human viruses will be able to make copies of themselves in the human body."
"Dangerous non-human viruses are those that require few mutations to begin replicating themselves in human cells."
"These viruses are dangerous since the required combinations of mutations might randomly arise in the natural reservoir."
"Only diseases that routinely involve non-human to human transmission, such as rabies, are considered direct zoonoses."
"Transmission can also occur via an intermediate species (referred to as a vector), which carry the disease pathogen without getting sick."
"Influenza can be transmitted through the air, while rabies can be transmitted through bites and saliva."
"Taenia solium infection is one of the neglected tropical diseases with public health and veterinary concern in endemic regions."
"The transmission of diseases from non-humans to humans is called direct zoonosis."
"Most strains of influenza that infect humans are human diseases, although many strains of bird flu and swine flu are zoonoses."
"Most human diseases originated in non-humans."
"These viruses occasionally recombine with human strains of the flu and can cause pandemics such as the 1918 Spanish flu or the 2009 swine flu."