Quote: "Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology..."
The study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
Biomolecules: These are the organic molecules that make up living organisms including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and other small organic molecules.
Cell structure: This refers to the study of cellular components, such as the cell membrane, cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria.
Enzymes: These are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in living organisms.
Metabolic pathways: A set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life.
Membrane transport: This refers to the movement of molecules and ions across cellular membranes.
Energy and thermodynamics: The study of energy transformation and its relevance to chemical reactions in living organisms.
Proteins: The study of the structure and function of proteins, including enzymes, receptors, and transporters.
DNA and RNA: This refers to the study of the structure, function, and regulation of nucleic acids.
Bioenergetics: The study of the conversion and use of energy in living organisms.
Metabolism: The study of biochemical reactions that occur within cells, tissues, and organisms, including catabolic and anabolic pathways.
Gene expression: The study of how genes are turned on and off, resulting in the production of proteins.
Signal transduction: The process by which signals from outside the cell are transmitted to the inside of the cell.
Molecular interactions: The study of the interactions between molecules, including protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-ligand interactions.
Biophysical techniques: Ways to measure and observe biochemical reactions and processes, including spectroscopy, microscopy, and chromatography.
Bioinformatics: The study of computational methods for analyzing and interpreting biological data.
Structural biology: The study of the three-dimensional structure of macromolecules using techniques such as X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.
Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on cells, tissues, and organisms.
Evolutionary biochemistry: The study of the biochemical changes that occur during evolution, and how these changes contribute to diversity and adaptation in living organisms.
Systems biology: The study of complex biological systems and their interactions, including the interactions between different pathways and networks.
Medical biochemistry: The study of the biochemical basis of disease and the development of therapies for disease treatment.
Structural Biochemistry: Study of the structure and 3D organization of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
Enzymology: Study of the structure, function, regulation, and kinetics of enzymes, which are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
Metabolism: Study of the chemical processes that occur within living cells, including the conversion of food into energy and the synthesis of new molecules.
Molecular Biology: Study of the molecular basis of biological activity, including the organization and function of genes and the mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
Genomics: Study of the complete set of genetic material (DNA) of an organism, including the identification and characterization of genes and their function.
Proteomics: Study of the complete set of proteins produced by an organism, and their functions and interactions within biological systems.
Bioenergetics: Study of the processes of energy transfer within living systems, including the production, storage, and utilization of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Biophysics: Study of the physical principles underlying living systems, including the application of physics to the study of biological phenomena.
Cellular Biochemistry: Study of the biochemical processes and molecular interactions that occur within cells, including the regulation of cell cycle and cell signaling.
Immunology: Study of the immune system, including the structure and function of antibodies, receptors, and immune cells, and their role in disease and health.
Neurochemistry: Study of the chemical and biochemical processes that occur in the nervous system, including the functioning of neurotransmitters, receptors, and ion channels.
Pharmacology: Study of the interaction of chemicals with biological systems to understand drug action, design new drugs, and optimize drug therapy.
Toxicology: Study of the harmful effects of chemicals on living organisms, including the mechanisms of toxicity and the development of strategies for prevention and treatment of toxic effects.
Environmental Biochemistry: Study of the chemical processes that occur in the environment, including the interactions between living organisms and their physical and chemical surroundings.
Quote: "Biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology, and metabolism."
Quote: "Biochemistry has become successful at explaining living processes through these three disciplines."
Quote: "Almost all areas of the life sciences are being uncovered and developed through biochemical methodology and research."
Quote: "Biochemistry focuses on understanding the chemical basis which allows biological molecules to give rise to the processes that occur within living cells and between cells..."
Quote: "Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, bonding, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids."
Quote: "The chemistry of the cell also depends upon the reactions of small molecules and ions. These can be inorganic (for example, water and metal ions) or organic (for example, the amino acids, which are used to synthesize proteins)."
Quote: "The mechanisms used by cells to harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism."
Quote: "In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases."
Quote: "Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies."
Quote: "In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, with the goal of improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control."
Quote: "In recent decades, biochemical principles and methods have been combined with problem-solving approaches from engineering to manipulate living systems..."
Quote: "...to produce useful tools for research, industrial processes, and diagnosis and control of disease."
Quote: "Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, which is the study of the molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena."
Quote: "They provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life."
Quote: "In turn relating greatly to the understanding of tissues and organs, as well as organism structure and function."
Quote: "Biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology, and metabolism."
Quote: "In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, with the goal of improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control."
Quote: "Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies."
Quote: "In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases."