"Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system."
Study of the functions and processes of living organisms.
Cell physiology: The study of how cells function and their interactions with each other and the environment.
Tissue physiology: The study of the functional properties of tissues, including nerve, muscle, and connective tissues.
Neurophysiology: The study of how the nervous system works, including the structure and function of neurons and neural networks.
Muscle physiology: The study of how muscles work, including the processes of contraction, relaxation, and energy metabolism.
Cardiovascular physiology: The study of how the cardiovascular system works, including the mechanism of blood flow, oxygenation, and blood pressure regulation.
Respiratory physiology: The study of how the respiratory system works, including ventilation, gas exchange, and acid-base balance.
Gastrointestinal physiology: The study of how the digestive system works, including the processes of digestion, absorption, and elimination.
Renal physiology: The study of how the kidneys work, including the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and blood pressure.
Endocrine physiology: The study of how the endocrine system works, including the regulation of growth and development, metabolism, and sexual function.
Reproductive physiology: The study of how the reproductive systems work, including the processes of fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
Exercise physiology: The study of how the body responds to physical activity, including the physiology of muscle adaptation, cardiovascular function, and energy metabolism.
Biomechanics: The study of how the body moves, including the mechanics of muscles, bones, and joints, and the interactions between the body and external forces.
Integrative physiology: The study of how different physiological systems work together to maintain homeostasis and respond to different stimuli.
Systems physiology: The study of how physiological systems interact and cooperate to perform specific functions, such as the regulation of blood pressure, oxygen delivery, or digestion.
Developmental physiology: The study of how physiological systems develop and mature during growth and aging, from embryonic development to senescence.
Exercise physiology: The study of how the body responds to physical activity and how exercise affects overall health and well-being.
Cardiovascular physiology: Study of the heart and blood vessels, including the movement of blood through the circulatory system.
Respiratory physiology: Study of the lungs, airways, and breathing process.
Neurophysiology: Study of the nervous system, including electrical and chemical communication between neurons.
Renal physiology: Study of the function of the kidneys, including filtration and excretion of waste products.
Endocrinology: Study of hormones and how they regulate physiological functions.
Digestive physiology: Study of the digestive system, including the absorption and metabolism of nutrients.
Immunology: Study of how the immune system functions to protect the body from disease.
Reproductive physiology: Study of the reproductive system, including the regulation of hormones and the process of fertilization and pregnancy.
Environmental physiology: Study of how living organisms adapt to different environmental conditions.
"Physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out chemical and physical functions in a living system."
"The field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology."
"Central to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells."
"Physiological state is the condition of normal function."
"Pathological state refers to abnormal conditions, including human diseases."
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences."
"The Nobel Prize is awarded for exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to the field of medicine."
"The word 'physiology' originates from the Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) meaning 'nature, origin' and -λογία (-logía) meaning 'study of'."
"Physiology is a sub-discipline of biology that focuses on understanding how living systems carry out their functions and mechanisms."
"Physiology studies organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules in living systems."
"There are two primary types of physiological state - normal function and abnormal conditions (pathological state)."
"Some examples of fields within physiology include medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology."
"Biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and cellular communication are integral to physiological functioning."
"Homeostatic control mechanisms play a vital role in maintaining the balance and stability of the body's internal environment."
"Physiological state refers to normal function, while pathological state refers to abnormal conditions such as diseases."
"The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to acknowledge exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to medicine."
"Physiology studies the functions and mechanisms of living systems, including how cells, organs, and organisms carry out chemical and physical processes."
"The two fundamental categories of physiological conditions are normal functioning (physiological state) and abnormal conditions (pathological state)."
"The study of physiology contributes to understanding the chemical and physical functions in living systems, including the interactions between biomolecules, cells, and organs."