Study of the ways in which people interact with their environment, in order to design systems that are safe, efficient and comfortable.
Human anatomy and physiology: Understanding the structure and function of the human body is crucial in ergonomics as it helps in designing equipment and workstations that are suitable for specific tasks and minimize physical discomfort.
Biomechanics: This is the study of the mechanics of living organisms and the forces they exert on the environment. It is useful in evaluating and designing ergonomic products, assessing movement and compatibility, and determining the effects of workloads on the human body.
Posture analysis: Correcting posture is essential to avoid strain on certain parts of the body while also improving comfort and reducing the risk of injury.
Anthropometry: The study of human body measurements such as height, weight, and limb lengths, which are useful in designing products and workstations that accommodate differences between individuals.
Task analysis: An evaluation method used to break-down and evaluate the various components of a job or task. Essential in identifying the risks and possible ergonomic solutions for a specific task.
Environmental ergonomics: Evaluating and improving the workplace environment in terms of temperature, lighting, noise, and humidity can reduce physical and psychological discomfort and enhance productivity.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs): These are injuries or conditions that arise from performing repetitive tasks, awkward postures, or using forceful exertions. Ergonomics is used to prevent WMSDs and to reduce the effects of such disorders.
Ergonomic product design: Designing products that take into consideration the curvatures and age-related ailments of the human body is vital in enhancing usability, performance, and comfort.
Ergonomic training: Educating workers about the importance of ergonomics can help them recognize and prevent injuries or conditions associated with specific types of work.
Ergonomic assessment: Assessment of the ergonomics of products, equipment, and workstations helps in identifying areas for improvement and designing products that are as stress-free as possible.
Physical ergonomics: Physical ergonomics involves designing products, tools, and equipment to fit the user's physical abilities and limitations. It includes considerations such as the size and shape of objects, ease of use, and safety features.
Cognitive ergonomics: This type of ergonomics relates to a person's mental processes and ability to process information. It involves designing tasks and environments to support attention, memory, perception, and decision-making.
Organizational ergonomics: This type of ergonomics deals with how work is organized and managed in a workplace. It includes factors such as schedules, job design, communication, and workloads.
Environmental ergonomics: Environmental ergonomics consider the natural and artificial environment, including lighting, temperature, noise, and air quality, and its impact on the user's comfort and performance.
Macroergonomics: Macroergonomics involves the study of the relationship between the system, work, and worker. This type of ergonomics focuses on optimizing the efficiency and effectiveness of a system by designing it to meet the user's needs and increasing productivity.
Digital ergonomics: Digital ergonomics refers to the interaction between technology and humans. It involves designing and optimizing digital interfaces, software, hardware, and systems to meet the user's needs while minimizing the risk of injury, errors, and discomfort.
Automotive ergonomics: Automotive ergonomics focuses on designing the interior or the driver and passenger cabin of an automobile, including elements such as seats, controls, displays, and storage.
Human factors ergonomics: Human factors ergonomics studies the interaction between humans and machines, including their interface, design, and control to increase user comfort, safety, and efficiency.
Occupational ergonomics: Occupational ergonomics aims to identify, evaluate, and control workplace risks and hazards that can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, chronic illnesses, or other work-related injuries.
Sports ergonomics: Sports ergonomics considers factors such as athletes' equipment, training, and environment to optimize sports performance and reduce the risk of injury.