"The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life."
The study of cells, the basic unit of life, and their organization within tissues and organs.
Cell structure: This topic covers the basic structure of a cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
Cell types: This topic covers the different types of cells, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plant and animal cells, and specialized cells such as nerve cells and muscle cells.
Cell membranes: This topic covers the structure and function of cell membranes, including the lipid bilayer, membrane proteins, and transport mechanisms.
Cytoskeleton: This topic covers the structure and function of the cytoskeleton, including microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
Cell division: This topic covers the process of cell division, including mitosis and meiosis, and the importance of cell division in growth and development, tissue repair, and reproduction.
Cellular metabolism: This topic covers the basic metabolic processes that occur within cells, including cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and protein synthesis.
Cell signaling: This topic covers the communication processes that occur between cells, including intracellular signaling pathways, hormone signaling, and neurotransmitter signaling.
Cell differentiation: This topic covers the process of cell differentiation, in which cells become specialized to perform specific functions within an organism.
Cell communication: This topic covers the various mechanisms that cells use to communicate with each other, including direct cell-to-cell contact, paracrine signaling, and endocrine signaling.
Cell cycle: This topic covers the series of events that occur during the life of a cell, including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
Cytology: Study of cells' structures and functions.
Histology: Study of tissues and their structures.
Immunohistochemistry: Application of antibodies to tissue-sections to find cell-specific antigen locations.
Pathology: The study of the functional and structural changes caused by disease or injury.
Cytochemistry: Chemical reactions within the cell.
Ultrastructure: Study of structures at the cellular and molecular levels.
Cell Culture: The process of growing living cells outside of the body.
Developmental Biology: The study of the process of development from embryo to adult.
Genomics: Study of an organism's entire genetic makeup.
Proteomics: Study of an organism's entire protein makeup.
Cell Biology: Study of cellular structure and function.
Reproductive Biology: Study of reproductive systems and functions.
Biochemistry: Study of chemical reactions in living organisms.
Genetics: Study of heredity and variation of genetic information.
Molecular Biology: Study of molecular structures and functions within cells.
System Biology: Study of the interaction among living systems.
Computational Biology: Use of computer analysis to study biological systems.
Biophysics: Study of the physical properties of biological systems.
Bioinformatics: Use of computer science to analyze and manage biological data.
Microscopy: Use of microscopes to study cellular structures and processes.
"Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, and contains many macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and RNA, as well as many small molecules of nutrients and metabolites."
"The term comes from the Latin word cellula meaning 'small room'."
"Cells can acquire specified function and carry out various tasks within the cell such as replication, DNA repair, protein synthesis, and motility."
"Most plant and animal cells are only visible under a light microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres."
"Electron microscopy gives a much higher resolution showing greatly detailed cell structure."
"Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell such as bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals)."
"It has been estimated that the human body contains around 37 trillion (3.72×1013) cells."
"The human brain accounts for around 80 billion of these cells."
"The study of cells and how they work has led to many other studies in related areas of biology, including: discovery of DNA, cancer systems biology, aging and developmental biology."
"Cells were discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665."
"[Robert Hooke] named them for their resemblance to cells inhabited by Christian monks in a monastery."
"Cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells."
"Cells emerged on Earth about 4 billion years ago."
"The study of cells and how they work has led to many other studies in related areas of biology, including: discovery of DNA, cancer systems biology, aging and developmental biology."
"Cells are capable of specialization and mobility within the cell."
"Cells can acquire specified function and carry out various tasks within the cell such as DNA repair, protein synthesis, and motility."
"Most unicellular organisms are classed as microorganisms."
"Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, and contains many macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and RNA, as well as many small molecules of nutrients and metabolites."
"Every cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane."