"Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns, and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population."
The study of the spread and control of diseases in animal populations.
Introduction to Epidemiology: This topic provides an overview of epidemiology and its importance in understanding disease patterns in populations.
Measures of Disease Frequency: This topic covers the different ways in which the occurrence of disease can be measured, such as incidence, prevalence, and mortality.
Study Designs: This topic covers the various study designs used in epidemiology, including observational studies and clinical trials.
Bias: This topic covers the different types of bias that can affect epidemiological studies, such as selection bias, measurement bias, and confounding.
Sampling: This topic covers the methods of sampling used in epidemiology, including random sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling.
Data Collection and Management: This topic covers the different methods of data collection used in epidemiology, such as surveys, questionnaires, and interviews, as well as data management and analysis techniques.
Descriptive Epidemiology: This topic covers the use of descriptive statistics and visualization techniques to understand disease patterns in populations.
Analytical Epidemiology: This topic covers the use of statistical tests and models to investigate the causes of diseases and to identify risk factors.
Outbreak Investigation: This topic covers the steps involved in investigating and controlling disease outbreaks, including surveillance, case investigation, and contact tracing.
Infectious Disease Epidemiology: This topic covers the epidemiology of infectious diseases, including the transmission dynamics of pathogens and the principles of infection control.
Zoonotic Diseases: This topic covers the epidemiology of diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans, including emerging zoonotic diseases.
Foodborne Illness: This topic covers the epidemiology of foodborne illness, including the sources and risk factors for foodborne pathogens and the principles of food safety.
Veterinary Epidemiology: This topic covers the application of epidemiological methods to animal populations, including disease surveillance, outbreak investigation, and disease control strategies.
One Health: This topic covers the concept of One Health, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health and the importance of collaborative approaches to disease control.
Epidemiology in Agriculture: This topic covers the epidemiology of diseases in agricultural populations, including livestock, crops, and farm workers.
Descriptive Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology describes the prevalence and distribution of a disease or health event in a population, without providing any causal direction.
Analytical Epidemiology: In this type of epidemiology, researchers investigate the different factors or variables that contribute to the occurrence of a disease or health condition.
Infectious Disease Epidemiology: This branch of epidemiology focuses on the study of diseases that are caused by infections.
Environmental Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology is concerned with the relationship between environmental factors and health outcomes in a population.
Molecular Epidemiology: In this branch of epidemiology, researchers use molecular and genetic markers to investigate the genetic and environmental factors that influence health outcomes.
Social Epidemiology: This field studies the social and economic determinants of health and how they impact health outcomes in populations.
Agricultural Epidemiology: It is the study of the occurrence and spread of diseases that affect crops, livestock, and other agricultural products.
Analytical Veterinary Epidemiology: It includes research on infectious and non-infectious diseases in animals, surveillance, and monitoring systems for diseases.
Zoonotic Epidemiology: This branch of epidemiology studies diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans.
Epidemiology of Food-borne Infections: This field focuses on the study of infectious diseases that are caused by contaminated food and water.
"It is a cornerstone of public health and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare."
"Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, amend interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review)."
"Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to better understand proximate and distal causes, and engineering for exposure assessment."
"Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials."
"The term epidemiology is derived from Greek, 'epi' meaning 'upon, among', 'demos' meaning 'people, district', and 'logos' meaning 'study, word, discourse,' suggesting that it applies only to human populations."
"The term epidemiology is widely used in studies of zoological populations (veterinary epidemiology), although the term "epizoology" is available, and it has also been applied to studies of plant populations (botanical or plant disease epidemiology)."
"The term 'epidemiology' appears to have first been used to describe the study of epidemics in 1802 by the Spanish physician Joaquín de Villalba in Epidemiología Española."
"The distinction between 'epidemic' and 'endemic' was first drawn by Hippocrates, to distinguish between diseases that are 'visited upon' a population (epidemic) from those that 'reside within' a population (endemic)."
"Epidemiologists also study the interaction of diseases in a population, a condition known as a syndemic."
"The term epidemiology is now widely applied to cover the description and causation of not only epidemic, infectious disease, but of disease in general, including related conditions."
"Some examples of topics examined through epidemiology include high blood pressure, mental illness, and obesity."
"Epidemiology aims to study the distribution, patterns, and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population."
"Epidemiology shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare."
"Statistics helps epidemiologists make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions."
"Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences."
"Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, and disease surveillance."
"Epidemiology includes environmental epidemiology, which helps in understanding the impact of the environment on disease patterns."
"Epidemiology includes occupational epidemiology, which focuses on studying health issues related to occupations and workplaces."
"Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes."