"Permaculture is an approach to land management and settlement design that adopts arrangements observed in flourishing natural ecosystems."
Permaculture is a system of farming based on the principles of ecology, sustainability, and biodiversity.
Introduction to Permaculture: A basic overview of what Permaculture is and how it differs from conventional agriculture.
Principles of Design: The 12 principles of Permaculture design and how they can be applied to create sustainable systems.
Observation and Analysis: The importance of observing and analyzing a site before designing a Permaculture system.
Seed Saving and Propagation: The process of saving and propagating seeds to create a self-sustaining Permaculture system.
Soil Health and Fertility: How to create healthy and fertile soil using natural methods such as composting and cover cropping.
Water Harvesting and Conservation: The collection and conservation of water through practices such as rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling.
Food Forests and Agroforestry: The creation of diverse and layered food-producing ecosystems through the use of trees, shrubs, and perennial plants.
Animal Husbandry and Integration: The integration of animals such as chickens, goats, and bees into a Permaculture system for increased productivity and sustainability.
Social Permaculture: The importance of creating a sustainable and just community through practices such as consensus decision-making and resource sharing.
Economics and Permaculture: The role of economic systems in Permaculture design and how to create a sustainable and equitable economy.
"It applies these principles in fields such as regenerative agriculture, town planning, rewilding, and community resilience."
"Permaculture originally came from 'permanent agriculture', but was later adjusted to mean 'permanent culture', incorporating social aspects."
"The term was coined in 1978 by Bill Mollison and David Holmgren, who formulated the concept in opposition to modern industrialized methods, instead adopting a more traditional or 'natural' approach to agriculture."
"Permaculture has many branches including ecological design, ecological engineering, regenerative design, environmental design, and construction."
"It uses creative design processes based on whole-systems thinking, considering all materials and energies in flow that affect or are affected by proposed changes."
"Before, for example, modifying overland water flow, one fully considers both upstream and downstream effects in the short and long term."
"When looking at a 'problem', such as brushy vegetation, one considers how removing or altering it will affect soil and wildlife, and how these interacting forces would evolve over time and space."
"Permaculture has been criticized as being poorly defined and unscientific."
"Critics have pushed for less reliance on anecdote and extrapolation from ecological first principles, in favor of peer-reviewed research to substantiate productivity claims and to clarify methodology."
"Peter Harper from the Centre for Alternative Technology suggests that most of what passes for permaculture has no relevance to real problems."
"It applies these principles in fields such as...community resilience."
"It includes integrated water resources management, sustainable architecture, and regenerative and self-maintained habitat and agricultural systems modeled from natural ecosystems."
"It includes a set of design principles derived using whole-systems thinking."
"It formulated the concept in opposition to modern industrialized methods, instead adopting a more traditional or 'natural' approach to agriculture."
"It is an approach to land management and settlement design that adopts arrangements observed in flourishing natural ecosystems."
"Permaculture originally came from 'permanent agriculture', but was later adjusted to mean 'permanent culture', incorporating social aspects."
"Town planning"
"Before...one fully considers both upstream and downstream effects in the short and long terms."
"One considers how removing or altering it will affect soil and wildlife, and how these interacting forces would evolve over time and space."