"Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture), also known as aquafarming, is the controlled cultivation ("farming") of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, algae and other organisms of value such as aquatic plants (e.g. lotus)."
The study of aquatic animals, such as fish and shellfish, and their production and management.
Types of aquaculture: This covers the different types of aquaculture methods such as cage farming, pond culture, raceway systems, and recirculating systems.
Aquatic species: This is the study of different aquatic species suitable for aquaculture, including fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants.
Water quality management: This covers the management of water quality, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity, which are essential for aquatic life.
Feed and nutrition: This covers the nutritional requirements of different aquatic species, such as the macronutrients and micronutrients required for growth and health.
Disease management: This involves the study of different diseases affecting aquatic species, their symptoms, and ways of controlling them.
Genetics: This covers the study of the genetic makeup of aquatic species and the potential for genetic improvements or manipulations in aquaculture.
Harvesting and post-harvest handling: This is the study of the different methods of harvesting aquatic species and the post-harvest handling, storage, and processing of harvested products.
Economics: This covers the financial aspects of aquaculture, including the cost of setting up an aquaculture operation, market demand, pricing, and profitability analysis.
Sustainability: This involves the study of the environmental impact of aquaculture, including waste management and the protection of natural resources.
Regulations: This covers the different regulations related to aquaculture operation, including permits, licenses, environmental regulations, and health and safety laws.
Emerging trends: This covers the latest trends in aquaculture, including the use of digital technology, vertical aquaponics systems, and sustainable practices.
Fish farming: The cultivation of fish for food and commercial purposes in controlled aquatic environments.
Shellfish farming: The cultivation of mollusks and other shellfish for commercial purposes.
Shrimp farming: The farming of shrimp for food and commercial purposes.
Seaweed farming: The cultivation of seaweed for human consumption and for use in many industries.
Algae farming: The cultivation of algae for use in biofuels, food, and nutraceuticals.
Crustacean farming: The farming of crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters for commercial purposes.
Oyster farming: The cultivation of oysters for food and commercial purposes.
Mussel farming: The cultivation of mussels for food and commercial purposes.
Clam farming: The cultivation of clams for food and commercial purposes.
Frog farming: The farming of frogs for human consumption and medicinal purposes.
Eel farming: The cultivation of eels for food and commercial purposes.
"Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater, brackish water and saltwater populations under controlled or semi-natural conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish."
"Mariculture, commonly known as marine farming, refers specifically to aquaculture practiced in seawater habitats and lagoons, as opposed to freshwater aquaculture."
"Pisciculture is a type of aquaculture that consists of fish farming to obtain fish products as food."
"It is an environmental source of food and commercial product which help to improve healthier habitats and used to reconstruct the population of endangered aquatic species."
"Technology has increased the growth of fish in coastal marine waters and open oceans due to the increased demand for seafood."
"Aquaculture can be conducted in completely artificial facilities built on land (onshore aquaculture), as in the case of fish tanks, ponds, aquaponics or raceways, where the living conditions rely on human control such as water quality (oxygen), feed, temperature."
"Alternatively, they can be conducted on well-sheltered shallow waters nearshore of a body of water (inshore aquaculture), where the cultivated species are subjected to relatively more naturalistic environments, or on fenced/enclosed sections of open water away from the shore (offshore aquaculture), where the species are either cultured in cages, racks or bags, and are exposed to more diverse natural conditions such as water currents, diel vertical migration, and nutrient cycles."
"According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), aquaculture "is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Farming implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding, protection from predators, etc. Farming also implies individual or corporate ownership of the stock being cultivated."
"The reported output from global aquaculture operations in 2019 was over 120 million tonnes valued at US$274 billion."
"However, there are issues with the reliability of the reported figures."
"In current aquaculture practice, products from several kilograms of wild fish are used to produce one kilogram of a piscivorous fish like salmon."
"Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, mariculture, pisciculture, algaculture (such as seaweed farming), and the cultivation of ornamental fish."
"Particular methods include aquaponics and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, both of which integrate fish farming and aquatic plant farming."
"The FAO describes aquaculture as one of the industries most directly affected by climate change and its impacts."
"Some forms of aquaculture have negative impacts on the environment, such as through nutrient pollution or disease transfer to wild populations."