"including engine management, ignition, radio, carputers, telematics, in-car entertainment systems, and others."
This subfield deals with the electrical and electronic systems and components of vehicles.
Basic electrical principles: Understanding basic electrical concepts such as voltage, current, resistance, and power is essential when dealing with automotive electronics.
Electronic components: Knowing about electronic components like resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits is crucial for designing and repairing automotive electronics.
Circuit schematics: Learning to read and understand circuit diagrams is fundamental in diagnosing and troubleshooting electrical issues in cars.
Battery and charging systems: Understanding how batteries and charging systems work is essential in maintaining the electrical systems of a car.
Alternator and starter motors: Understanding how alternators and starter motors work is essential in diagnosing electrical issues in cars.
Automotive sensors: Understanding how different sensors like oxygen sensors, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors affect the performance of a car is essential.
Fuel injection systems: Learning about fuel injectors, fuel pumps, and fuel pressure regulators is necessary for diagnosing and repairing fuel injection systems.
Ignition systems: Understanding the different types of ignition systems like distributor and distributorless ignition systems is essential in diagnosing and repairing ignition problems.
Automotive lighting systems: Learning about the different types of automotive lighting systems like headlights, taillights, and brake lights is crucial in ensuring the safety of a car.
Audio systems: Understanding audio systems and audio components used in cars, such as speakers, amplifiers, and head units, can help improve the audio experience in a car.
Electronic control units (ECUs): Understanding how ECUs work and how they control different systems in a car is essential for diagnosing and repairing complex electrical issues.
CAN bus systems: Learning about the CAN bus system and how it works is crucial in modern-day cars since it has replaced many of the traditional wiring systems.
Automotive wiring: Learning about automotive wiring principles, such as wire sizing, wire types, and wire routing, can help design and repair electrical systems in a car.
Diagnostic tools: Understanding how to use diagnostic tools, such as multimeters, oscilloscopes, and scan tools, is essential for diagnosing and repairing electrical issues in cars.
Safety precautions: Understanding the importance of personal safety and taking necessary precautions when dealing with electrical systems in cars is crucial to avoid accidents and injuries.
Engine Control Unit (ECU): A computer that controls the functioning of an engine and its various components.
Transmission Control Unit (TCU): A computer that monitors and controls the shifting of gears in an automatic transmission.
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS): A system that prevents the wheels from locking during braking, thereby preventing skidding and loss of control.
Electronic Stability Control (ESC): A system that uses sensors and computers to help prevent the car from skidding or sliding out of control during emergency maneuvers.
Airbag Control Unit (ACU): A computer that controls the deployment of airbags during a collision.
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS): A system that monitors the air pressure in each tire and alerts the driver if the pressure drops below the recommended level.
Parking Assist System: A system that uses sensors and cameras to help the driver park the car in tight spaces.
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC): A system that uses radar or cameras to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle ahead, and adjusts the speed of the car accordingly.
Lane Departure Warning (LDW): A system that alerts the driver if the car drifts out of its lane.
Blind Spot Monitoring (BSM): A system that uses sensors to alert the driver if there is a vehicle in their blind spot.
Navigation System: A system that uses GPS to provide directions to the driver, and can also display traffic updates, weather information, and points of interest.
Audio System: A system that includes speakers, amplifiers, and a head unit that allows the driver to listen to music or other audio sources.
Climate Control System: A system that allows the driver to regulate the temperature inside the car, and adjust the airflow and humidity.
Lighting System: A system that includes headlights, taillights, turn signals, and interior lighting.
Keyless Entry System: A system that allows the driver to lock and unlock the car without using a key, using a key fob or code.
"Ignition, engine and transmission electronics are also found in trucks, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and other internal combustion powered machinery such as forklifts, tractors and excavators."
"trucks, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and other internal combustion powered machinery such as forklifts, tractors and excavators."
"only around 1% of its value in 1950"
"around 30% in 2010"
"Modern electric cars rely on power electronics for the main propulsion motor control, as well as managing the battery system."
"Future autonomous cars will rely on powerful computer systems, an array of sensors, networking, and satellite navigation, all of which will require electronics."
"Related elements for control of relevant electrical systems are also found on hybrid vehicles and electric cars."
"Electronic systems have become an increasingly large component of the cost of an automobile."
"in-car entertainment systems"
"telematics"
"engine management"
"engine management"
"Modern electric cars rely on power electronics for the main propulsion motor control"
"trucks, motorcycles, off-road vehicles, and other internal combustion powered machinery"
"Related elements for control of relevant electrical systems are also found on hybrid vehicles and electric cars."
"Future autonomous cars will rely on powerful computer systems"
"Future autonomous cars"
"Modern electric cars rely on power electronics for... managing the battery system."
"networking, and satellite navigation, all of which will require electronics."