"Human factors and ergonomics (commonly referred to as human factors engineering or HFE) is the application of psychological and physiological principles to the engineering and design of products, processes, and systems."
Design considerations for human spaceflight, including life support systems, space suits, and habitability.
Human Factors Engineering: Introduction to the principles of applying knowledge of human behavior, abilities, and limitations to the design of systems and equipment.
Human Factors in Spacecraft Design: How to design spacecraft to optimize human performance, reduce errors, and mitigate risk.
Human Error and Risk Management: The importance of managing human error and risk in the design, development, and operation of spacecraft.
Crew Resource Management: Training and procedures for managing crew interactions, communications, and decision making.
Anthropometry and Biomechanics: How to design spacecraft to accommodate the unique physical characteristics and limitations of astronauts.
Environmental Control and Life Support Systems: How to design and operate environmental control and life support systems to optimize human performance and comfort.
Human Factors in Space Suits: How to design space suits that provide the necessary protection, comfort, and mobility for astronauts.
Human Factors in Extravehicular Activity: How to design procedures and equipment for extravehicular activity that optimize human performance and safety.
Human Factors in Robotics and Automation: How to design robots and automated systems to work effectively with human operators.
Human Factors in Space Situational Awareness: How to design systems to optimize human situational awareness in space.
Human Factors in Mission Planning and Control: How to design mission planning and control systems that optimize human performance and support effective decision making.
Human Factors in Communications: How to design communication systems for effective communication between spacecraft and Earth-based stakeholders.
Human Factors in Training and Performance Assessment: How to design and implement training programs that optimize human performance and support effective performance assessment.
Human Factors in Space Psychology: The importance of understanding the psychological factors that influence human performance in space activities.
Human Factors in Health and Human Performance: How to design and manage systems to optimize the health and performance of astronauts during space operations.
Anthropometry: The study of the measurements and proportions of the human body in order to design spacecraft interiors that accommodate crew members of different sizes and shapes.
Biomechanics: The study of the body's movement and how it interacts with equipment and environments within spacecraft. This can help inform the design of control panels, seats, and other interfaces.
Cognitive Ergonomics: This deals with the design of displays, controls and procedures so that they reflect the way crew members naturally process information.
Environmental Physiology: The study of how the human body adapts to zero-gravity environments, atmospheric changes, and other physical factors involved in spaceflight.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): The study of how crew members interact with computer equipment systems, and designing user interfaces that are intuitive and easy to use.
Human Factors Engineering: A broad field covering all aspects of designing systems, processes, and equipment to optimize human performance and safety.
Human Performance: Developing a deep understanding of human performance and its limits in extreme environments such as space, and identifying ways to maintain effective performance under these conditions.
Medical Human Factors: The study of how human factors influence medical decision making and safety practices in space.
Psychology: Understanding how crew members behave and interact with each other under conditions of isolation, confinement and sensory deprivation.
Socio-technical Systems Design: This refers to the integration of social and organizational factors within a technical system. In space exploration this means identifying communication and teamwork protocols that ensure effective collaboration.
User Experience: A discipline focused on understanding the user's experience with a technology or system in order to improve its design.
"The primary goals of human factors engineering are to reduce human error, increase productivity and system availability, and enhance safety, health and comfort with a specific focus on the interaction between the human and equipment."
"The field is a combination of numerous disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, engineering, biomechanics, industrial design, physiology, anthropometry, interaction design, visual design, user experience, and user interface design."
"Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design to optimize human well-being and overall system performance."
"Human factors engineering is relevant in the design of such things as safe furniture and easy-to-use interfaces to machines and equipment."
"Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent repetitive strain injuries and other musculoskeletal disorders, which can develop over time and can lead to long-term disability."
"Human factors and ergonomics are concerned with the 'fit' between the user, equipment, and environment or 'fitting a job to a person' or 'fitting the task to the man'."
"To assess the fit between a person and the used technology, human factors specialists or ergonomists consider the job (activity) being done and the demands on the user; the equipment used (its size, shape, and how appropriate it is for the task), and the information used (how it is presented, accessed, and changed)."
"Ergonomics draws on many disciplines in its study of humans and their environments, including anthropometry, biomechanics, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering, industrial design, information design, kinesiology, physiology, cognitive psychology, industrial and organizational psychology, and space psychology."
"Human factors research employs methods and approaches from these and other knowledge disciplines to study human behavior and generate data relevant to previously stated goals."