"Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) is a form of radar that is used to create two-dimensional images or three-dimensional reconstructions of objects, such as landscapes."
Study of the use of differential interferometry for remote sensing in planetary science, which can be used to measure subtle changes in topography and deformation.
Interferometry: Interferometry is a technique used to measure the difference in the phase of two or more waves, which in turn can be used to create images of objects that would be difficult or impossible to see otherwise.
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR): SAR is a type of radar that uses a moving antenna to create a high-resolution image of the ground. It is particularly useful for remote sensing because it can penetrate clouds and see through vegetation.
Phase interferometry: Phase interferometry is a technique used to create interferograms, which are images that show the differences in phase between two SAR images. This technique is used in differential interferometry to measure surface deformation.
Image processing: Image processing techniques are used to analyze interferograms and extract useful information about surface deformation. These techniques include correlation, filtering, and phase unwrapping.
Topography: Topography refers to the shape and elevation of the Earth's surface. Understanding topography is important in differential interferometry because it can affect the measurement of surface deformation.
Volcanology: Differential interferometry is commonly used in the study of volcanic activity. Understanding volcanology is important for interpreting interferometric measurements of surface deformation and predicting volcanic eruptions.
Tectonics: Tectonics refers to the movement of plates on the Earth's surface. Differential interferometry can be used to measure tectonic activity and study the effects of earthquakes.
Global Positioning System (GPS): GPS is a network of satellites that is used to determine the precise location of objects on Earth. GPS is often used in conjunction with differential interferometry to measure and monitor surface deformation.
InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar): InSAR is a specific application of differential interferometry that is used to measure surface deformation over large areas. It is particularly useful in measuring subsidence and uplift in urban areas.
Planetary science: Differential interferometry is also used in the study of other planets and moons in our solar system. Understanding planetary science is important for interpreting interferometric measurements obtained by satellites sent to explore these objects.
Permanent Scatterer InSAR: Permanent Scatterer InSAR is a technique utilized in space sciences and differential interferometry that involves the use of point-like radar reflectors on the Earth's surface to monitor ground deformation over long periods of time.
Small Baseline Subset InSAR: Small Baseline Subset InSAR (SBAS) is a technique used in differential interferometry that selects a subset of small baselines from a stack of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to generate highly accurate surface deformation measurements.
Temporal InSAR: Temporal InSAR is a technique used in Space Sciences and Differential interferometry to measure and monitor the movement and deformation of Earth's surface over time using radar satellite images.
Persistent Scatterer InSAR: Persistent Scatterer InSAR is a technique used in space sciences and differential interferometry to monitor ground deformation by identifying and tracking permanent scattering points on the Earth's surface.
Coherent Point Target InSAR: Coherent Point Target InSAR is a technique used in space sciences and differential interferometry to accurately measure ground movements by tracking coherent point scatterers on the Earth's surface.
Multi-Temporal InSAR: Multi-Temporal InSAR involves the use of multiple radar satellite images taken at different times to measure spatial displacement and deformation of the Earth's surface.
Tomographic InSAR: Tomographic InSAR is a technique that combines multiple satellite radar images to create three-dimensional models of the Earth's surface, allowing for the detection and monitoring of subtle ground movements.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry: Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique that uses multiple radar images to measure precise topographic changes and deformation of Earth's surface.
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry: Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) is a technique used in Space Sciences and Differential Interferometry to measure and monitor ground deformation over time by continuously tracking stable scattering points on the Earth's surface.
Short Baseline Interferometry: Short Baseline Interferometry is a technique used in Space Sciences that involves measuring the differences in arrival times and frequencies of electromagnetic waves from celestial objects using multiple baseline pairs with short distances between them.
Azimuth Offset Interferometry: Azimuth Offset Interferometry is a technique used in space sciences and differential interferometry to measure small-scale displacements in the azimuth direction by introducing an offset in the perpendicular baseline.
Phase Closure Interferometry: Phase closure interferometry is a technique that allows for precise measurements of astronomical objects and their surroundings by using the relative phases of interfering light waves.
Differential SAR Interferometry: Differential SAR interferometry is a technique used in space sciences to measure and monitor ground deformation by analyzing the phase difference between pairs of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images taken at different times.
Repeat-Pass Interferometry: Repeat-Pass Interferometry is a technique that uses multiple satellite radar images to precisely measure the deformation and movement of Earth's surface.
Spaceborne InSAR: Spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a technique that uses radar satellites to measure tiny changes in the Earth's surface from space, enabling precise monitoring of natural hazards, subsidence, and land deformation.
Ground-Based InSAR: Ground-Based InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a space science technique used to measure ground deformation by comparing radar signals from different ground locations, providing valuable information about tectonic activity and ground movement.
Differential Range-Doppler Interferometry: Differential Range-Doppler Interferometry is a space science technique that combines measurements of range (distance) and Doppler (velocity) changes to achieve highly precise imaging of objects in space.
Range Offset Interferometry: Range Offset Interferometry is a technique used in space sciences that measures changes in the distance between two or more objects by comparing the differences in their observed range offsets.
Low-Frequency Single-Baseline SAR Interferometry: Low-Frequency Single-Baseline SAR Interferometry refers to the technique of using low-frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and a single baseline configuration to measure Earth's surface topography and deformation with high accuracy.
Differential Absorption Lidar Interferometry: Differential Absorption Lidar Interferometry is a technique that combines two different frequencies of laser light to measure atmospheric pollutants in order to obtain accurate and precise information about their distribution and concentration.
Amplitude and Phase Dispersion Interferometry: Amplitude and Phase Dispersion Interferometry is a technique used in space sciences to measure the dispersion of amplitudes and phases of electromagnetic waves, providing valuable information about the properties of celestial objects and the interstellar medium.
"SAR uses the motion of the radar antenna over a target region to provide finer spatial resolution than conventional stationary beam-scanning radars."
"SAR is typically mounted on a moving platform, such as an aircraft or spacecraft."
"SAR has its origins in an advanced form of side looking airborne radar (SLAR)."
"The distance the SAR device travels over a target during the period when the target scene is illuminated creates the large synthetic antenna aperture (the size of the antenna). Typically, the larger the aperture, the higher the image resolution will be."
"Regardless of whether the aperture is physical (a large antenna) or synthetic (a moving antenna), the higher the image resolution will be."
"SAR has the property of creating larger synthetic apertures for more distant objects, which results in a consistent spatial resolution over a range of viewing distances."
"To create a SAR image, successive pulses of radio waves are transmitted to 'illuminate' a target scene, and the echo of each pulse is received and recorded."
"The pulses are transmitted and the echoes received using a single beam-forming antenna, with wavelengths of a meter down to several millimeters."
"As the SAR device on board the aircraft or spacecraft moves, the antenna location relative to the target changes with time."
"Signal processing of the successive recorded radar echoes allows the combining of the recordings from these multiple antenna positions."
"This process forms the synthetic antenna aperture and allows the creation of higher-resolution images than would otherwise be possible with a given physical antenna."
"SAR uses the motion of the radar antenna, while conventional radar relies on stationary beam-scanning."
"No, SAR is typically mounted on a moving platform, such as an aircraft or spacecraft."
"SAR is used to create images or reconstructions of objects, such as landscapes."
"Regardless of whether the aperture is physical (a large antenna) or synthetic (a moving antenna), SAR can create high-resolution images."
"Objects which are further away remain illuminated longer, thereby creating larger synthetic apertures for more distant objects."
"The pulses are transmitted and the echoes received using a single beam-forming antenna, with wavelengths of a meter down to several millimeters."
"SAR provides finer spatial resolution than conventional radars thanks to the motion of the radar antenna."
"The motion of the radar antenna over a target region allows SAR to create higher-resolution images than would otherwise be possible."