"Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia."
Looks at the evidence linking radiation exposure to the development of cancer, and the mechanisms by which radiation can trigger cellular transformation.
Radiation: This includes ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, their sources, and how they interact with biological systems.
DNA Damage and Repair: Radiation-induced double-strand breaks, oxidative damage, and other mechanisms for causing DNA damage, as well as how cells repair this damage.
Radiation Dosimetry: This covers the measurement and calculation of radiation doses, including the different types of radiation and their relative effectiveness in causing damage.
Radiation Epidemiology: This is the study of statistical patterns and trends in the incidence of cancer and other diseases in populations exposed to radiation.
Radiobiology and Cellular Response: This includes the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, and organs, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, cell survival, and other mechanisms.
Biological Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis: This involves the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of cancer, including genetic mutations and epigenetic changes.
Radiation-induced Genomic Instability: This refers to the inherited changes in cells that can result from radiation exposure, sometimes leading to the development of cancer years later.
Radiation Protection: This covers strategies and techniques for minimizing radiation exposure, including shielding, distance, and time.
Radiological Risk Assessment: This includes the assessment of potential risks associated with radiation exposure and the development of strategies to minimize these risks.
Modern Radiation Therapy: This covers the latest techniques and tools used in radiation therapy, including stereotactic radiosurgery and proton therapy.
Thyroid cancer: Exposure to radioactive iodine can increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer.
Breast cancer: High doses of radiation to the chest area can increase the risk of breast cancer.
Lung cancer: Radon gas, which is a natural byproduct of certain types of rocks and soil, can accumulate in buildings and increase the risk of lung cancer.
Skin cancer: Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds can increase the risk of skin cancer.
Leukemia: Exposure to high doses of radiation, such as during a nuclear accident, can increase the risk of developing leukemia.
"The mechanism by which this occurs is well understood..."
"Quantitative models predicting the level of risk remain controversial."
"The most widely accepted model posits that the incidence of cancers due to ionizing radiation increases linearly with effective radiation dose at a rate of 5.5% per sievert."
"If correct, natural background radiation is the most hazardous source of radiation to general public health..."
"...followed by medical imaging as a close second."
"The vast majority of non-invasive cancers are non-melanoma skin cancers caused by ultraviolet radiation."
"... ultraviolet radiation (which lies on the boundary between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation)."
"Non-ionizing radio frequency radiation from mobile phones, electric power transmission, and other similar sources have been investigated as a possible carcinogen..."
" ...by the WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer..."
"... but to date, no evidence of this has been observed."
"...increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia."
"Quantitative models predicting the level of risk remain controversial."
"The vast majority of non-invasive cancers are non-melanoma skin cancers caused by ultraviolet radiation."
"If correct, natural background radiation is the most hazardous source of radiation to general public health..."
"...followed by medical imaging as a close second."
"The vast majority of non-invasive cancers are non-melanoma skin cancers caused by ultraviolet radiation."
"... ultraviolet radiation (which lies on the boundary between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation)."
"Non-ionizing radio frequency radiation from mobile phones, electric power transmission, and other similar sources have been investigated as a possible carcinogen..."
"...but to date, no evidence of this has been observed."