"The first confirmation of the detection occurred in 1992."
Study of exoplanets in binary star systems, including their formation, dynamics, and habitability.
Exoplanet Detection Methods: The techniques used to detect exoplanets, including radial velocity, transit, microlensing, and direct imaging.
Binary Star Systems: The classification of binary star systems, including orbit and physical characteristics.
Planet Star Interaction: The interaction between exoplanets and their host stars, such as tidal forces, magnetic fields, and radiation pressure.
Formation of Exoplanets: The mechanisms involved in the formation of exoplanets, including core accretion and disk instability.
Habitable Zones: The region around a star where liquid water can exist on a planet’s surface, which is crucial for the potential habitability of exoplanets.
Exoplanet Atmospheres: The study of the atmosphere of exoplanets, including characterization of their chemical composition and physical properties.
Planetary Migration: The phenomenon by which a planet moves from its original location to a new orbit due to gravitational interactions with other bodies.
Exoplanet Habitability: The conditions necessary for an exoplanet to support life, including the presence of a stable climate, the right atmospheric composition, and the presence of liquid water.
Exoplanet System Architecture: The study of the organization of exoplanet systems, including the number of planets, their orbits, and their relative sizes and masses.
Planetary Dynamics: The study of how planets move and interact within their orbit, including their gravitational influence on other objects in the system.
Exoplanet Ecology: The study of exoplanet ecosystems, including the potential for interplanetary communication, competition for resources, and symbiotic relationships.
Exoplanet Climate: The study of the climate of exoplanets, including their temperature, atmospheric circulation, and weather patterns.
Exoplanet Geology: The study of the physical properties and geological history of exoplanets, including their composition, mineralogy, and geological evolution.
Astrobiology: The study of the origin, distribution, and evolution of life in the universe, including the search for extraterrestrial life on exoplanets.
Exoplanet Citizen Science: The participation of non-specialists in the analysis of data from exoplanet observations, including crowd-sourced exoplanet discovery and classification.
P-type binary: In this system, the planet and the star orbit the binary system's center of mass.
S-type binary: In this system, the planet orbits only one star in a binary system, while the other star does not directly affect the planet's orbit.
Circumbinary: In this system, the exoplanet orbits both stars in a binary system.
Hierarchical: In this system, the binary stars have their own exoplanets, creating a hierarchical system of planets and stars.
Trojan: In this system, the exoplanet orbits one of the binary stars while orbiting the other at the same distance, with the triangular Lagrangian points remaining in stable positions relative to the binary stars.
Pseudo-Satellite: In this system, the exoplanet's orbit around one of the binary stars is synchronized with the binary's orbit around the system's center of mass, resulting in the planet seeming to orbit the binary as one of its satellites.
Free-floating: These are planets that are not bound to a star and float freely in space, which may have been ejected from a binary system.
"As of 1 September 2023, there are 5,506 confirmed exoplanets."
"with 878 systems having more than one planet."
"The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is expected to discover more exoplanets, and also much more about exoplanets, including composition, environmental conditions, and potential for life."
"Transit photometry and Doppler spectroscopy have found the most."
"85% of the exoplanets detected are inside the tidal locking zone."
"About 1 in 5 Sun-like stars have an 'Earth-sized' planet in the habitable zone."
"...it can be hypothesized that there are 11 billion potentially habitable Earth-sized planets in the Milky Way, rising to 40 billion if planets orbiting the numerous red dwarfs are included."
"The least massive exoplanet known is Draugr, which is about twice the mass of the Moon."
"The most massive exoplanet listed on the NASA Exoplanet Archive is HR 2562 b, about 30 times the mass of Jupiter."
"Known orbital times for exoplanets vary from less than an hour (for those closest to their star) to thousands of years."
"However, there is evidence that extragalactic planets, exoplanets farther away in galaxies beyond the local Milky Way galaxy, may exist."
"The nearest exoplanets are located 4.2 light-years (1.3 parsecs) from Earth and orbit Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun."
"The discovery of exoplanets has intensified interest in the search for extraterrestrial life."
"There is special interest in planets that orbit in a star's habitable zone (or sometimes called 'goldilocks zone'), where it is possible for liquid water, a prerequisite for life as we know it, to exist on the surface."
"Rogue planets are those that do not orbit any star."
"The rogue planets in the Milky Way possibly number in the billions or more."
"However, the study of planetary habitability also considers a wide range of other factors in determining the suitability of a planet for hosting life."
"Transit photometry and Doppler spectroscopy have found the most."
"The first possible evidence of an exoplanet was noted in 1917, but was not recognized as such."