- "Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra that result from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation."
The study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules. Topics include the rotational, vibrational, and electronic spectra of molecules, and the interpretation of spectra to determine molecular properties.
Electromagnetic spectrum: The range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation, including from radio waves to gamma rays.
Quantum mechanics: The theory of how particles behave on very small scales, including the interaction of matter and radiation.
Spectroscopy: The study of the interaction of matter and electromagnetic radiation, including the measurement of the energy and frequency of light emitted or absorbed by a substance.
Absorption spectroscopy: A technique for measuring the amount of light absorbed by a sample, which can reveal information about the chemical composition and molecular structure.
Infrared spectroscopy: A technique for measuring the absorption or emission of infrared radiation by molecules, which provides information about the vibrational and rotational motion of the atoms in the molecule.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy: A technique for measuring the absorption or transmission of ultraviolet and visible light by molecules, which can reveal information about the electronic structure of the molecule.
Raman spectroscopy: A technique for measuring the frequency shift of light scattered by a sample, which provides information about the vibrations and rotational motion of the molecules.
Fourier transform spectroscopy: A technique for measuring the intensity of light at different frequencies, which allows the identification and quantification of individual components in a mixture.
Molecular vibrations: The oscillation of atoms in a molecule around their equilibrium positions, which gives rise to characteristic spectral bands in infrared spectra.
Molecular rotations: The spinning of a molecule around its center of mass, which gives rise to characteristic spectral lines in microwave and millimeter-wave spectra.
Molecular energy levels: The quantized energy states that a molecule can occupy, which determines the absorption or emission of radiation at certain frequencies.
Molecular structure: The arrangement of atoms within a molecule, which determines the molecular vibrations, rotations, and energy levels.
Electronic transitions: The movement of electrons between energy levels in a molecule, which gives rise to the absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation at specific wavelengths.
Chemical reactions: The transformation of one or more molecules into new ones, which can be studied using spectroscopic techniques to monitor the changes in molecular structure and energy levels.
Astrochemistry: The study of the chemical composition and reactions of molecules in space, including those in interstellar clouds, planetary atmospheres, and comets.
Microwave Spectroscopy: It studies the rotational transitions of molecules and used to investigate the interstellar medium, planetary atmospheres, and comets.
Infrared Spectroscopy: It studies the vibrational transitions of molecules and used to analyze the chemical composition and physical condition of interstellar dust and gas.
Ultraviolet Spectroscopy: It studies the electronic transitions of atoms and molecules and used to identify the presence of various species in the interstellar medium.
Optical Emission Spectroscopy: It measures the wavelengths of light emitted from excited atoms and used to determine the chemical composition of planetary atmospheres and comet tails.
X-ray Spectroscopy: It studies the X-ray emissions from high-energy sources such as supernovae and black holes and used to investigate the structure and evolution of galaxies.
Terahertz Spectroscopy: It studies the transitions between rotational and vibrational states and used to investigate the properties of planetary atmospheres and comets.
Raman Spectroscopy: It measures the scattering of light by a sample and used to analyze the composition and structure of solids, liquids, and gases in the interstellar medium.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy: It studies the nuclear spins of atoms and molecules and used to analyze the structures and dynamics of complex organic molecules in interstellar space.
Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spectroscopy: It studies the interaction between electrons and magnetic fields and used to investigate the properties of radicals and other short-lived species in the interstellar medium.
Time-Resolved Spectroscopy: It measures the evolution of molecular and atomic species over time and used to study chemical reactions and physical processes in interstellar environments.
- "Spectroscopy is the precise study of color as generalized from visible light to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum."
- "Spectroscopy, primarily in the electromagnetic spectrum, is a fundamental exploratory tool in the fields of astronomy, chemistry, materials science, and physics."
- "Allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated at the atomic, molecular and macro scale, and over astronomical distances."
- "Historically, spectroscopy originated as the study of the wavelength dependence of the absorption by gas phase matter of visible light dispersed by a prism."
- "Current applications of spectroscopy include biomedical spectroscopy in the areas of tissue analysis and medical imaging."
- "Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy."
- "Recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)."
- "measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra"
- "measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra that result from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation."
- "the precise study of color"
- "physics, allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated"
- "at the atomic, molecular and macro scale, and over astronomical distances."
- "the study of the wavelength dependence of the absorption by gas phase matter of visible light dispersed by a prism."
- "biomedical spectroscopy in the areas of tissue analysis"
- "Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy."
- "Allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated"
- "Allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated"
- "recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)."
- "Spectroscopy is a fundamental exploratory tool."