The unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and outcomes in urban areas.
Social stratification: The hierarchy of social classes in society and how it affects access to resources and opportunities in urban areas.
Residential segregation: The separation of different racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups into different neighborhoods in urban areas and its effects on inequality.
Gentrification: The process of urban development that occurs when wealthier residents move into a lower-income neighborhood, increasing property values and displacing long-term residents.
Neighborhood effects: The influence of neighborhood characteristics, such as crime rate, housing quality, and access to education and services, on individual outcomes and inequality.
Environmental inequality: The unequal distribution of environmental hazards and benefits, such as pollution and access to green spaces, in urban areas.
Education inequality: The disparities in educational opportunities and outcomes among different groups of students in urban schools.
Employment inequality: The unequal access to job opportunities and wages among different groups of workers in urban areas.
Health inequality: The disparities in health outcomes and access to healthcare among different socioeconomic and racial groups in urban areas.
Political inequality: The unequal influence of different groups in the political system, including issues related to representation, voting rights, and campaign finance.
Homelessness: The issues related to lack of affordable housing, poverty, and social services that contribute to homelessness in urban areas.
Immigration and urban inequality: The impact that immigration patterns can have on urban inequality, including issues related to cultural integration, labor markets, and access to social services.
Urban planning and policy: The role of public policy and urban planning initiatives in addressing urban inequality and promoting social equity in urban areas.
Spatial inequality: Unequal distribution of resources, services, and opportunities within a city, resulting in varied living standards, economic opportunities, and quality of life.
Income inequality: Unequal distribution of income among urban residents, leading to disparities in access to resources, education, health care, and social mobility.
Racial inequality: Unequal treatment and advantages/disadvantages that members of different ethnic/racial groups encounter in urban environments.
Gender inequality: Unequal treatment and advantages/disadvantages that members of different genders encounter in urban environments.
Housing inequality: Sharp disparities in housing quality, affordability, accessibility, and availability, contributing to homelessness and living in substandard conditions.
Educational inequality: Unequal educational opportunities for urban residents, including access to quality schools, techo-education, and resources for education.
Environmental inequality: Unequal distribution of environmental burdens (e.g., pollution, environmental degradation, natural disasters) and benefits (e.g., parks, access to nature, green spaces) in urban environments.
Health inequality: Unequal access to healthcare resources and health outcomes (e.g., life expectancy, infant mortality rates), which is often shaped by the spatial distribution of poverty, and unemployment.
Political inequality: Unequal distribution of political, social, and economic power among urban residents, contributing to marginalization of groups with limited representation, voice, and resources.
Cultural inequality: Unequal power and representation among different urban cultures, including access to representation in media, cultural events, spaces, and resources.