"The social determinants of health (SDOH) are the economic and social conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status."
This sub-field examines the social determinants of health in urban environments and the impact of urban living on health outcomes.
Urbanization: The process of population shift from rural areas to urban areas over time.
Urban Health: The study of health disparities and the effects of various aspects of the built environment, such as air pollution, food distribution, housing quality, and access to medical care on the health outcomes of urban residents.
Public Health: The branch of medical science that deals with the prevention and control of disease and the promotion of health.
Environmental Health: The branch of public health that focuses on the impact of the environment on human health.
Epidemiology: The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control health problems.
Social Determinants of Health: These are the factors that contribute to health inequalities, including economic stability, neighborhood and built environment, health and healthcare, social and community context, education, and access to healthy food.
Health Disparities: Differences in health outcomes that are closely linked with social, economic, and environmental disadvantage.
Health Equity: The removal of systematic barriers to health, which results in fair and just opportunities for everyone to achieve good health.
Health Promotion: The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.
Behavioral Health: The integration of mental health and substance abuse prevention, treatment, and recovery services with primary healthcare.
Healthcare Access: The ability of individuals to acquire needed healthcare services, including preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services.
Healthcare Quality: The degree to which healthcare services meet the established professional standards of care.
Primary Care: The first point of contact between a patient and a healthcare provider.
Health Policy: Decisions, plans, and actions taken by governments, public and private organizations, and individual citizens to promote health.
Community Engagement: The process of involving and empowering individuals and groups who share a common interest in improving a community's health.
Health Literacy: The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions.
Health Information Systems: The systems used to capture, store, manage, and analyze health data to improve the quality and effectiveness of healthcare services.
Disaster Preparedness: The ability of a community to prepare for, respond to, and recover from natural and human-made disasters.
Built Environment: The physical and social aspects of human settlement, including buildings, streets, public space, parks, transportation systems, and zoning.
Food Justice: The movement to ensure that all communities have access to affordable, healthy, and culturally appropriate food, and to promote sustainable and equitable food systems.
Environmental Health: Deals with the study and management of the environmental factors that affect human health in urban areas.
Mental Health: Focuses on the study of mental health conditions and mental wellness in urban areas.
Epidemiology: Deals with the study of the distribution of diseases and health conditions among urban populations.
Community Health: Focuses on improving the overall health and well-being of the urban community by addressing the social determinants of health.
Occupational Health: Deals with the study of work-related diseases, injuries, and occupational hazards in urban settings.
Public Health: Refers to the study of the health of populations in urban areas and the development of interventions aimed at improving their health.
Health Promotion: Focuses on the creation of healthy urban environments, which involve policies and programs aimed at improving access to healthy foods, creating safe public spaces, and promoting physical activity.
Health Economics: Deals with the study of the economic factors that impact health in urban areas, including access to healthcare, affordability of care, and cost-benefit analysis of health interventions.
Health Policy: Focuses on creating policies and regulations that ensure access to quality health care by all urban residents.
"They are the health promoting factors found in one's living and working conditions (such as the distribution of income, wealth, influence, and power)."
"Social determinants are the health promoting factors found in living and working conditions, rather than individual risk factors (such as behavioral risk factors or genetics)."
"The distributions of social determinants are often shaped by public policies that reflect prevailing political ideologies of the area."
"The World Health Organization says that 'the social determinants can be more important than health care or lifestyle choices in influencing health.'"
"This unequal distribution of health-damaging experiences is not in any sense a 'natural' phenomenon but is the result of a toxic combination of poor social policies, unfair economic arrangements [where the already well-off and healthy become even richer and the poor who are already more likely to be ill become even poorer], and bad politics."
"Issues of particular focus are social determinants of mental health, social determinants of health in poverty and social determinants of obesity."
"The economic and social conditions that influence individual and group differences in health status."
"The distribution of income, wealth, influence, and power."
"Individual risk factors include behavioral risk factors or genetics, whereas social determinants are the health promoting factors found in living and working conditions."
"Public policies that reflect prevailing political ideologies of the area."
"The social determinants can be more important than health care or lifestyle choices in influencing health."
"A toxic combination of poor social policies, unfair economic arrangements, and bad politics."
"Social determinants of mental health, social determinants of health in poverty, and social determinants of obesity."
"Social determinants of health in poverty."
"The poor who are already more likely to be ill become even poorer."
"The World Health Organization says that the social determinants can be more important than health care or lifestyle choices in influencing health."
"The economic and social conditions in one's living and working conditions."
"Public policies that reflect prevailing political ideologies of the area."
"This unequal distribution of health-damaging experiences is not in any sense a 'natural' phenomenon but is the result of a toxic combination of poor social policies, unfair economic arrangements [where the already well-off and healthy become even richer and the poor who are already more likely to be ill become even poorer], and bad politics."