"Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism."
The ways in which gender impacts a person's social standing, including gender-based discrimination, access to education and employment opportunities, and gender-based violence.
Gender roles: The set of social and cultural expectations placed on individuals based on their biological sex.
Gender identity: One’s internal sense of their gender, which may or may not align with societal expectations.
Sexism: Prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination based on an individual’s sex or gender.
Patriarchy: A system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.
Intersectionality: The interconnected nature of social categories such as gender, race, class, and sexuality that create different systems of oppression and privilege.
Transgender rights: The struggle for rights and protections for individuals whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex at birth.
Sexuality: The range of sexual orientations and identities beyond heterosexual, and how they intersect with gender.
Reproductive rights: The right to bodily autonomy and reproductive choice, which is often tied to gender roles and expectations.
Gender-based violence: The physical, sexual, or emotional violence experienced by individuals due to their gender or perceived gender.
Feminism: A range of movements and ideologies that work to achieve gender equality and challenge patriarchal systems.
Male: Traditionally associated with masculine traits such as assertiveness, physical strength, and independence.
Female: Traditionally associated with feminine traits such as empathy, nurturing, and emotional intelligence.
Non-Binary: An umbrella term used for gender identities that do not fit within the binary gender categories of male and female. Non-binary individuals may identify as a blend of male and female or may not identify with any gender at all.
Transgender: An individual whose gender identity does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth. Some transgender individuals may choose to undergo medical interventions such as hormone therapy or gender reassignment surgery in order to better align their physical body with their gender identity.
Two-Spirit: A term used by some Indigenous cultures to describe individuals who identify as both male and female or have a third, non-binary gender identity.
"The treatment [inequality] may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society."
"Some of these distinctions are empirically grounded, while others appear to be social constructs."
"While current policies around the world cause inequality among individuals, it is women who are most affected."
"Gender inequality weakens women in many areas such as health, education, and business life."
"Studies show the different experiences of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliation."
"Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures."
"Gender inequality... also affects non-binary people."