"Gender inequality is the social phenomenon in which people are not treated equally on the basis of gender. This inequality can be caused by gender discrimination or sexism."
Gender sociology emphasizes the ways in which gender shapes and is shaped by organizational processes and practices, including issues related to workplace diversity, equality, and inclusion.
Gender and Sex: Understanding the difference between biological sex and gender, what it means to identify as male, female or non-binary.
Feminist Theory: A critical approach to examining gender and its impact on society. This includes an understanding of the oppression, discrimination and the inequalities experienced by women.
Patriarchy: The systematic dominance of men over women in social, economic and political spheres.
Gender Roles and Socialization: Learning gender roles and expectations through socialization, and how they shape our beliefs and behaviours.
Transgender Studies: Examining the experiences of transgender individuals and how societal norms and expectations impact them.
Queer Theory: Understanding the fluidity of gender and sexuality, and the impact of labels and societal norms on queer individuals.
Intersectionality: An approach that recognizes the intersections of multiple identities such as gender, race, ethnicity, class, and sexuality, and how they intersect to create inequality and oppression.
Masculinities: The social construction and performance of masculinity, and how it intersects with other aspects of identity.
Sexuality and Sexual Orientation: Understanding sexual orientation and how it intersects with gender identity.
Social Movements and Political Activism: Examining how social movements and political activism can advance gender equality and challenge patriarchal systems.
Organizational Culture and Gender: An analysis of how gender norms and expectations shape organizational culture and practices.
Diversity and Inclusion: An examination of how diversity and inclusion efforts can promote greater equality and representation in organizations.
Leadership and Gender: Understanding the relationship between gender and leadership, and the challenges and barriers women face in attaining leadership positions.
Workplace Discrimination and Harassment: Examining how gender discrimination and harassment occur in the workplace and impact employees.
Family and Caregiving: The influence of gender on family dynamics and the unequal distribution of caregiving responsibilities.
Feminist Sociology: This is a critical approach to sociology that focuses on the issues related to women's experiences.
Masculinities Sociology: This branch of sociology is involved in studying the various meanings and practices of masculinity, including the ways in which masculinity is constructed and compared to femininity.
Intersectional Sociology: This branch of sociology aims to explore the intersections of gender with other forms of oppression, such as race and class.
Queer Sociology: This area of sociology seeks to understand how the norms of gender and sexuality are constructed and perpetuated within society.
Disability Sociology: This branch of sociology explores how gender intersects with disability, and how disability affects gender experiences.
Global Gender Sociology: This field of sociology examines the impact of gender on social systems around the world, including global cultures and economies.
Gender and Work Sociology: This field examines the ways in which gender affects the division of labor, wages, and opportunities in the workplace.
Gender and Health Sociology: This area of sociology explores the ways in which gender shapes health outcomes and services, focusing on issues such as reproductive health, sexual health, and gender-based violence.
Media and Gender Sociology: This area of sociology examines the role of media representations in shaping ideas about gender, and how these representations can either perpetuate or challenge gender norms.
Gender and Politics Sociology: This branch of sociology explores how gender affects political processes and structures, including the representation of women and other marginalized groups in government.
"The treatment [inequality] may arise from distinctions regarding biology, psychology, or cultural norms prevalent in the society."
"Some of these distinctions are empirically grounded, while others appear to be social constructs."
"While current policies around the world cause inequality among individuals, it is women who are most affected."
"Gender inequality weakens women in many areas such as health, education, and business life."
"Studies show the different experiences of genders across many domains including education, life expectancy, personality, interests, family life, careers, and political affiliation."
"Gender inequality is experienced differently across different cultures."
"Gender inequality... also affects non-binary people."