Quote: "Globalization, or globalisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide."
The relationship between globalization and the development of countries, including the debate on whether globalization is a force for good or bad.
Globalization and its impact: This covers the definition, evolution, and effects of globalization on different aspects of development such as economic, social, and political.
Development theories: This includes the different schools of thought on development such as modernization, dependency, and structuralist theories. It provides a framework for understanding how developmental issues are addressed or resolved.
International trade and finance: This includes the various forms of international trade, its importance in economic growth, and the impact of globalization on economic stability and financial markets.
Global Governance: This covers the role of global institutions such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), World Bank, and IMF in shaping international economic policies and addressing global developmental issues.
Cultural change: This includes the forces that shape and sustain globalization, such as technological innovations, migration, and the spread of global culture.
Environmental Sustainability: This addresses the impact of globalization on the environment, the green movement as a response, and efforts to promote sustainable development.
Poverty and Inequality: This includes the measurement and causes of poverty and inequality, the role of globalization and development in addressing poverty, and potential solutions for reducing inequality.
Human Rights: This covers the impact of globalization on human rights, the role of international bodies in promoting human rights, and the relationship between development and human rights.
Gender issues: This includes the role of gender in international development, the impact of globalization on gender relations, and efforts to promote gender equality and empowerment.
Local Responses to Globalization: This covers how people and communities respond to the forces of globalization and their efforts to create alternative systems or resist globalization.
Economic globalization: Refers to the increasing interdependence of countries' economies through the global flow of goods, services, and capital.
Cultural globalization: Refers to the spread of cultural ideas, values, practices, and norms across national borders, influenced by the media, entertainment, and communication technologies.
Political globalization: Refers to the growth of global political institutions, such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, which have significant influence on national policies.
Social globalization: Refers to the global spread of social values, norms, and practices, including human rights, environmental protection, and social justice.
Technological globalization: Refers to the diffusion of technology, including information technology, telecommunications, and transportation, that enables rapid cross-border communication and trade.
Ecological globalization: Refers to the global interconnectedness of ecological systems, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental degradation, which require global collective action.
Labor globalization: Refers to the movement of people across national borders to work, seeking higher wages or better job opportunities, which can lead to competition for jobs and wage inequality.
Educational globalization: Refers to the global exchange of knowledge, expertise, and innovation, through higher education, research, and intellectual property rights, which can drive economic growth and social development.
Quote: "The term globalization first appeared in the early 20th century... and came into popular use in the 1990s to describe the unprecedented international connectivity of the post-Cold War world."
Quote: "Advances in transportation, like the steam locomotive, steamship, jet engine, and container ships, and developments in telecommunication infrastructure such as the telegraph, the Internet, mobile phones, and smartphones, have been major factors in globalization."
Quote: "Globalization is primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that is associated with social and cultural aspects."
Quote: "This increase in global interactions has caused a growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and culture."
Quote: "However, disputes and international diplomacy are also large parts of the history of globalization and of modern globalization."
Quote: "Large-scale globalization began in the 1820s, and in the late 19th century and early 20th century drove a rapid expansion in the connectivity of the world's economies and cultures."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people, and the dissemination of knowledge."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by business and work organization."
Quote: "Academic literature commonly divides globalization into three major areas: economic globalization, cultural globalization, and political globalization."
Quote: "Removal of cross-border trade barriers has made the formation of global markets more feasible."
Quote: "Though many scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history to long before the European Age of Discovery and voyages to the New World, and some even to the third millennium BCE."
Quote: "Advances in transportation and developments in telecommunication infrastructure have been major factors in globalization and have generated further interdependence of economic and cultural activities around the globe."
Quote: "The term global city was subsequently popularized by sociologist Saskia Sassen in her work The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo (1991)."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... sociocultural resources."
Quote: "Economically, globalization involves goods, services, data, technology, and the economic resources of capital."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... migration and movement of people."
Quote: "Its origins can be traced back to 18th and 19th centuries due to advances in transportation and communications technology."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization..."
Quote: "The expansion of global markets liberalizes the economic activities of the exchange of goods and funds."