Behaviors that violate social norms and values, and the consequences of such behavior, including punishment and social stigma.
Definition of Deviance and Crime: The broad definitions of deviance and crime, and how they are studied in sociology.
Sociological Perspectives: Major theoretical perspectives that sociologists use to understand deviance and crime, including functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.
Social Control: The ways that society enforces norms and values, including formal and informal mechanisms of control.
Role of Law: The role that law plays in defining and controlling deviance and crime, and the impact of law on society.
Types of Crime: The different categories and types of criminal behavior, including violent crimes, property crimes, white-collar crimes, and organized crime.
Juvenile Delinquency: The study of deviant behavior among young people, including the causes and consequences of juvenile delinquency.
Social and Economic Inequality: The ways that social and economic inequality contribute to deviance and crime, and how crime affects social and economic inequality.
Deviant Subcultures: The study of deviant subcultures, including gang activity, drug addiction, and other forms of rebellious behavior.
Deviance in the Workplace: Deviant behaviors and activities that occur in the workplace, including embezzlement, fraud, and workplace harassment.
Social Stratification and Crime: The ways that social class, race, gender, and other social factors affect patterns of crime and deviance.
Cultural Deviance: The study of cultural factors and values that can contribute to deviant behavior, including popular culture, music, and movies.
Psychological and Biological Factors: The role that personality traits, mental illness, and brain chemistry can play in deviant and criminal behavior.
Deviance and Conformity: The ways that conformity to social norms affects deviance and the ways deviance can challenge mainstream norms and values.
Criminal Justice System: The study of the criminal justice system and its impact on society, including issues related to policing, prosecution, and punishment.
Crime Prevention: Strategies and methods for preventing crime and reducing the impact of deviance in societies.
Property crime: This type of crime includes theft, burglary, and arson, among others. It involves the taking or destroying of someone else's property without their permission.
Violent crime: This includes murder, assault, rape, and other forms of physical harm to another person. These crimes are considered the most severe.
White-collar crime: These are crimes committed by people in positions of power, such as embezzlement or fraud. These crimes can be extremely damaging and can affect many people.
Hate crime: This type of crime involves a bias toward a particular race, religion, or sexual orientation. The motive behind these crimes is to harm or intimidate individuals based on their identity.
Cybercrime: This type of crime involves the use of technology to commit illegal activities. This can include crimes such as hacking, identity theft, and cyber bullying.
Organized crime: This includes activities associated with organized groups, such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and racketeering. These crimes are often difficult to detect and can be highly organized and sophisticated.
Juvenile crime: This includes crimes committed by minors, such as vandalism and theft. These crimes are usually less severe than those committed by adults and are often associated with delinquency or rebellion.
Victimless crime: This kind of crime includes activities that are illegal but do not have any direct victims, such as drug use or prostitution.
Political crime: This involves using the political system to commit crimes, such as bribery, corruption or political violence.
Environmental crime: These crimes include pollution, illegal dumping, and other activities that harm or destroy the environment.