The idea that economic behavior is not just determined by rational choices of individuals, but is also influenced by social norms, networks, and institutions.
Social networks: The study of relationships and networks of individuals, groups, and organizations, and how they affect economic behavior and outcomes.
Social capital: The study of the value of social networks, norms and trust in achieving economic outcomes.
Cultural sociology: The study of how social norms, rituals, symbols, beliefs, values and other cultural factors shape economic behavior and outcomes.
Institutionalism: The study of how formal and informal rules, norms and conventions shape economic behavior and outcomes.
Economic sociology of markets: The study of how markets as social institutions shape economic behavior and outcomes.
Economic sociology of firms: The study of how firms as social institutions shape economic behavior and outcomes.
Power, politics and economic change: The study of how power relations, political processes and collective action shape economic outcomes.
Globalization and economic development: The study of how economic and social changes shape globalization, economic development, and urbanization.
Economic inequality and social justice: The study of the distribution of economic resources and the principles of social justice.
Social entrepreneurship and social innovation: The study of social innovation and entrepreneurship as solutions to social problems and market failures.
Relational Embeddedness: Involves the connections among economic actors that underpin their transactions, and the extent to which networks shape these relationships.
Institutional Embeddedness: Refers to the degree to which economic actors are affected by formal and informal institutions, including laws, rules, norms, cultures, and processes of exchange.
Social Embeddedness: Refers to the roles and relationships of individuals within a social system, including those patterns of personal and group-oriented behavior that influence economic decisions.
Territorial Embeddedness: Refers to the specific contexts in which economic activities are located, including the spatial distribution of actors, resources, and other factors contributing to production and exchange.
Cognitive Embeddedness: Refers to the ways in which the beliefs, values, meanings, and knowledge of economic actors shape their behaviors and decision-making processes.
Cultural Embeddedness: Refers to the social norms, values, and traditions that constrain and motivate economic actors, often resulting in local or regional variations in economic outcomes and practices.
Historical Embeddedness: Refers to the contingent and path-dependent nature of economic development, which is shaped by the specific historical context and events that preceded it.
Power Embeddedness: Refers to the ways in which power relations shape and mold social and economic interactions, including those relationships among groups and individuals in positions of authority and those who are marginalized or excluded.