Quote: "Nonverbal communication (NVC) is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, use of objects and body language."
The exchange of information through body language, facial expression, and other forms of nonverbal cues.
Body language: Includes gestures, posture, facial expressions, and eye contact that convey a message without using words.
Tone of voice: The way a person speaks (loud, soft, high, low) can give insight into their emotional state and intended message.
Proxemics: How people use space to convey meaning and establish relationships.
Touch: Physical contact can be revealing of someone's emotions and intentions, but also requires cultural context and consent.
Appearance: Clothing, grooming, and other physical aspects can convey identity, status, and emotional state.
Nonverbal cues in different cultures: Cultures may interpret nonverbal cues differently, making it important to understand cultural differences when communicating with others.
Nonverbal cues in specific contexts: Nonverbal cues can vary depending on the situation and the relationship between the communicators.
Paralanguage: Nonverbal sounds such as sighs, gasps, and chuckles can add meaning to verbal communication.
Multimodal communication: Combining nonverbal and verbal communication to enhance meaning and establish rapport.
Emotional intelligence: Recognizing and understanding one's own emotions and those of others to enhance communication and relationships.
Facial Expressions: Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication where emotions are displayed on the face such as smiling, frowning, or raised eyebrows.
Eye Contact: Eye contact is a nonverbal communication where a person maintains visual contact with another person often to show interest or paying attention.
Body language: Body language is a nonverbal communication where a person’s body movements, gestures, and postures convey messages such as dominance or submission.
Touch: Touch is a nonverbal communication where messages are conveyed through physical contact such as a pat on the back or a hug.
Proximity: Proximity is a nonverbal communication where messages are conveyed through the distance between individuals such as standing far away or closer to another person.
Tone of Voice: Tone of voice is a form of nonverbal communication where messages are conveyed through the pitch, volume, and inflection of the voice.
Personal Appearance: Personal appearance is a form of nonverbal communication where messages are conveyed through clothing, hairstyle, and makeup choices.
Time Management: Time management is a form of nonverbal communication where messages are conveyed through the punctuality or tardiness of an individual.
Environmental factors: The environment is a form of nonverbal communication that can influence behavior or communication. A comfortable environment may promote open and responsive communication while an uncomfortable environment may be less conducive to effective communication.
Quote: "It includes the use of social cues, kinesics, distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage) and of touch (haptics)."
Quote: "A signal has three different parts to it, including the basic signal, what the signal is trying to convey, and how it is interpreted."
Quote: "These signals that are transmitted to the receiver depend highly on the knowledge and empathy that this individual has."
Quote: "The study of nonverbal communication started in 1872 with the publication of The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin."
Quote: "Darwin began to study nonverbal communication as he noticed the interactions between animals such as lions, tigers, dogs etc. and realized they also communicated by gestures and expressions."
Quote: "Today, scholars argue that nonverbal communication can convey more meaning than verbal communication."
Quote: "Ray Birdwhistell concludes that nonverbal communication accounts for 60–70 percent of human communication."
Quote: "Just as speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, as well as prosodic features, so written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page."
Quote: "much of the study of nonverbal communication has focused on interaction between individuals, where it can be classified into three principal areas: environmental conditions where communication takes place, physical characteristics of the communicators, and behaviors of communicators during interaction."
Quote: "Nonverbal communication involves the conscious and unconscious processes of encoding and decoding."
Quote: "Encoding is defined as our ability to express emotions in a way that can be accurately interpreted by the receiver(s)."
Quote: "Decoding is called 'nonverbal sensitivity', defined as the ability to take this encoded emotion and interpret its meanings accurately to what the sender intended."
Quote: "For example, in the picture above, the encoder holds up two fingers, and the decoder may know from previous experience that this means two."
Quote: "Both of these skills can vary from person to person, with some people being better than others at one or both."
Quote: "women are found to be better decoders than men since they are more observant of nonverbal cues, as well as more likely to use them."
Quote: "Culture plays an important role in nonverbal communication, and it is one aspect that helps to influence how learning activities are organized."
Quote: "In many Indigenous American communities, for example, there is often an emphasis on nonverbal communication, which acts as a valued means by which children learn."
Quote: "Within cultures around the world there are extreme differences and similarities between a lot of nonverbal gestures or signals."
Quote: "In this sense, learning is not dependent on verbal communication; rather, it is nonverbal communication which serves as a primary means of not only organizing interpersonal interactions but also conveying cultural values, and children learn how to participate in this system from a young age."