Quote: "which consists of six orthodox schools of thought (shad-darśana): Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa and Vedanta."
Principles and practices of Hinduism including karma, dharma, etc.
Vedas: The four sacred texts of Hinduism that describe the knowledge of the ancient scriptures and rituals.
Upanishads: A collection of philosophical texts that explain the nature of the universe and the soul.
Bhagavad Gita: A Hindu scripture that contains the teachings of Lord Krishna on the duty of one's life and the path of righteousness.
Puranas: A set of eighteen texts, which describe the history of ancient India and the lives of the gods and goddesses.
Yoga: A spiritual practice that originated in ancient India, emphasizing mental, physical and spiritual discipline.
Karma: The belief that all actions have consequences, which may be experienced in this life or future lives.
Dharma: The correct way of living life as per the Hindu scriptures, righteousness, and duty.
Reincarnation: The belief that the soul is reborn into a new body after death.
Moksha: The liberation of the soul from the cycle of birth and death, and the attainment of ultimate enlightenment.
Atman: The individual soul that is separate from the body, mind, and material possessions.
Brahman: The ultimate reality, which is the source of all existence.
Maya: The delusion of the world and the illusion of the individual ego.
Avatar: The manifestation of a god or goddess in human or animal form.
Puja: Worship rituals and offerings to the gods and goddesses.
Caste System: The Hindu social hierarchy that classifies people into four main categories based on their occupation and birth.
Festivals: The celebration of various Hindu festivals throughout the year that honors different gods and goddesses.
Ahimsa: Non-violence, compassion, and harmlessness towards all living beings.
Mantra: A sacred incantation, chant or sound that is repeated for spiritual or religious purposes.
Shruti: The texts that are heard or handed down by oral tradition in Hinduism.
Smriti: The texts that are remembered or written/secular Hindu literature.
Holi: The festival of colours in Hinduism.
Diwali: The festival of lights in Hinduism.
Shiva: Lord of destruction and creation in Hinduism.
Vishnu: Lord of preservation, sustenance, and protection in Hinduism.
Devi: The mother goddess in Hinduism.
Tantra: A mystical practice that seeks to connect individual consciousness with universal consciousness.
Vedanta: A summary of the ideas and concepts in the Vedas.
Vedanta: The school of thought that interprets the texts of the Upanishads to reveal the ultimate nature of reality (Brahman) and the individual self (Atman).
Yoga: Yoga is both a physical and spiritual discipline that seeks to develop and balance body and mind, and ultimately achieve liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
Samkhya: This school of thought is based on the dualistic concept of Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (nature), which are believed to be the fundamental components of reality.
Advaita Vedanta: Advaita Vedanta emphasizes the non-dualistic nature of reality, stating that Atman and Brahman are one and the same.
Shaivism: Shaivism is the worship of the god Shiva, who is considered to be the supreme god in some traditions.
Vaishnavism: Vaishnavism is the worship of the god Vishnu and his avatars, such as Rama and Krishna. It is one of the largest and most popular Hindu sects.
Tantra: Tantra refers to a system of beliefs and practices that involve meditation, yoga, and ritualized worship to achieve spiritual enlightenment.
Puranic Hinduism: This is a popular form of Hinduism that draws heavily on the mythology and stories found in the Puranas, ancient texts that detail the lives of the gods and the universe.
Jainism: Although it is not strictly a part of Hinduism, Jainism is a closely related religion that shares many philosophical and theological similarities with Hinduism. Jains believe in nonviolence and the pursuit of spiritual liberation through asceticism and morality.
Quote: "In Indian tradition, the word used for philosophy is Darshana (viewpoint or perspective), from the Sanskrit root drish ('to see, to experience')."
Quote: "those that accept the Vedas as an authoritative, important source of knowledge."
Quote: "Buddhism, Jainism, Chārvāka, Ājīvika, and others."
Quote: "Western scholars have debated the relationship and differences within āstika philosophies and with nāstika philosophies..."
Quote: "they are united by shared history and concepts, same textual resources, similar ontological and soteriological focus, and cosmology."
Quote: "because the word Hindu is also an exonym and historically, the term has also been used as a geographical and cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent."
Quote: "Examples of such schools include Pāśupata Śaiva, Śaiva siddhānta, Pratyabhijña, Raseśvara and Vaiṣṇava."
Quote: "the realism of the Nyāya, the naturalism of the Vaiśeṣika, the dualism of the Sāṅkhya, the non-dualism and knowledge of Self as essential to liberation of Advaita, the self-discipline of Yoga and the asceticism and elements of theistic ideas."
Quote: "The ideas of these sub-schools are found in the Puranas and Āgamas."
Quote: "Each school of Hindu philosophy has extensive epistemological literature called Pramana..."
Quote: "as well as theories on metaphysics, axiology, and other topics."
Quote: "developing alongside the religion of Hinduism and emerging in the Iron and Classical periods."
Quote: "the term has also been used as a geographical and cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent."
Quote: "Buddhism, Jainism, Chārvāka, Ājīvika, and others."
Quote: "six orthodox schools of thought (shad-darśana)"
Quote: "While Buddhism and Jainism are considered distinct philosophies and religions..."
Quote: "some heterodox (nāstika) traditions such as Cārvāka."
Quote: "from the Sanskrit root drish ('to see, to experience')."
Quote: "those that accept the Vedas as an authoritative, important source of knowledge."