"Personality disorders (PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience..."
The study of extreme and long-term patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that deviate from the norm and impair social functioning.
Definition of Personality Disorders: Personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions that are characterized by inflexible and long-term patterns of behavior and thoughts.
Types of Personality Disorders: There are ten types of personality disorders that are categorized into three clusters (A, B, and C) based on common features.
Cluster A Personality Disorders: Cluster A personality disorders are characterized by odd behavior, eccentricity, and awkward social interactions.
Paranoid Personality Disorder: Paranoid Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by mistrust and suspicion of others.
Schizoid Personality Disorder: Schizoid Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by detachment, social withdrawal, and limited emotional expression.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Schizotypal Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by peculiar thoughts, behavior, and self-expression.
Cluster B Personality Disorders: Cluster B personality disorders are characterized by dramatic behavior, emotional instability, and impulsivity.
Borderline Personality Disorder: Borderline Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by instability in mood, self-image, and behavior.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Narcissistic Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy.
Histrionic Personality Disorder: Histrionic Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by emotional and attention-seeking behavior.
Antisocial Personality Disorder: Antisocial Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by disregard for others' rights, impulsivity, and lack of remorse.
Cluster C Personality Disorders: Cluster C personality disorders are characterized by fearfulness, anxiety, and avoidance behavior.
Avoidant Personality Disorder: Avoidant Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by feelings of inadequacy, social withdrawal, and a fear of rejection.
Dependent Personality Disorder: Dependent Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by a need for reassurance, difficulty making decisions, and a reliance on others.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder is a type of personality disorder that is characterized by perfectionism, rigidity, and a need for control.
Causes of Personality Disorders: There is no one specific cause of personality disorders, but several factors may contribute to the development of these disorders, including genetics, childhood trauma, and environmental factors.
Diagnosis of Personality Disorders: A formal diagnosis of personality disorders is made by a mental health professional based on the individual's symptoms and a thorough evaluation.
Treatment of Personality Disorders: There are several treatment options available for personality disorders, including psychotherapy, medication, and behavioral interventions.
Prognosis of Personality Disorders: The prognosis of personality disorders varies depending on the type, severity, and individual's response to treatment.
Stigma and Misconceptions about Personality Disorders: There is a significant stigma surrounding personality disorders, and many misconceptions exist about these mental health conditions that can perpetuate this stigma.
Borderline Personality Disorder: Individuals with this disorder tend to have intense and unstable emotions, fear of abandonment, self-harming behaviors, impulsivity, and have a difficult time forming and maintaining relationships.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Those with this disorder have an inflated sense of their own importance, a sense of entitlement, lack of empathy, require constant admiration, and have a craving for power and success.
Antisocial Personality Disorder: An individual with this disorder lacks empathy, prone to aggressive antisocial behavior, disregard for the law, and often has a history of criminal activity.
Avoidant Personality Disorder: People with this disorder tend to avoid social situations due to intense fear of rejection, shyness, and low self-esteem.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Those with this disorder have a need for perfectionism, inflexible thinking, and overly controlling behavior while lacking spontaneity and emotional flexibility.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: People with schizotypal personality disorder often have bizarre thoughts, perceptual abnormalities, social isolation, and a discomfort with close relationships.
Histrionic Personality Disorder: Those with this disorder often have excessive attention-seeking behavior, dramatic behavior, and emotions, exaggerated reactions, and an excessive need for approval.
Dependent Personality Disorder: Individuals with dependent personality disorder tend to have an excessive need to be cared for and an inability to make decisions without the help of others, often leading to being taken advantage of by others.
Paranoid Personality Disorder: Those with this disorder tend to be distrustful and suspicious of others, tend to hold grudges, be hypervigilant, and assume that others are out to get them.
"...experiences and behaviors that deviate from social norms and expectations."
"These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are associated with significant distress or disability."
"For psychiatric patients, the prevalence of personality disorders is estimated between 40 and 60%."
"Those diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control."
"Treatment for personality disorders is primarily psychotherapeutic."
"Evidence-based psychotherapies for personality disorders include cognitive behavioral therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy especially for borderline personality disorder."
"Often have a pervasive negative impact on the quality of life."
"Official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders are listed in the sixth chapter of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)."
"A variety of psychoanalytic approaches are also used."
"Personality disorders are associated with considerable stigma in popular and clinical discourse alike."
"Many issues occur with classifying a personality disorder because the theory and diagnosis of such disorders occur within prevailing cultural expectations."
"They argue that the theory and diagnosis of personality disorders are based strictly on social, or even sociopolitical and economic considerations."
"Official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders are listed in the sixth chapter of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)."
"Exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture."
"The behavior patterns of personality disorders are typically recognized by adolescence, the beginning of adulthood or sometimes even childhood."
"...dialectical behavior therapy especially for borderline personality disorder."
"For psychiatric patients, the prevalence of personality disorders is estimated between 40 and 60%."
"Those diagnosed with a personality disorder may experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control."
"Often have a pervasive negative impact on the quality of life."