"It is the stage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely."
The permanent storage of information in the brain. Unlimited in capacity and duration.
Encoding: This refers to the process of transforming new information into a format that can be stored in long-term memory. It involves attention, perception, and organization of the material.
Retrieval: This is the process of accessing stored memories from long-term memory. Various factors such as context and emotional state play a role in retrieval.
Consolidation: This refers to the stabilization of memory traces in long-term memory. It can occur over minutes, hours, or even months, depending on the complexity and significance of the information.
Storage: This refers to the capacity and organization of long-term memory, including the distinction between explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative) memory.
Forgetting: This refers to the failure to retrieve information from long-term memory. It can occur due to decay of memory traces, interference from other memories, or retrieval failure.
Mnemonics: These are techniques used to enhance memory, such as using acronyms, visual imagery, or story-telling.
Hippocampus: This brain structure is important for the formation and consolidation of long-term memories, particularly episodic memories.
Amygdala: This brain structure is involved in the emotional processing of memories. Memories that are emotionally significant are more likely to be retained in long-term memory.
Sleep: This is important for the consolidation of long-term memories, particularly those related to procedural learning.
Retrieval cues: These are environmental or contextual stimuli that trigger the retrieval of long-term memories.
Levels of processing: This refers to the depth of processing that occurs during encoding, and how it affects the retention of information in long-term memory.
Schema theory: This theory proposes that new information is processed and stored in long-term memory based on pre-existing knowledge structures.
Working memory: This refers to the short-term memory system that supports active processing of information. It is closely linked to long-term memory, as information is transferred from working memory to long-term memory for permanent storage.
Semantic memory: This refers to our knowledge of concepts, facts, and general knowledge. It is stored in long-term memory and can be accessed consciously.
Episodic memory: This refers to our personal experiences and events, and is also stored in long-term memory. It is more closely linked to the hippocampus and is often accessed unconsciously.
Episodic Memory: Episodic memory refers to our ability to remember specific events or episodes that we have personally experienced. It includes information about the time, place, people, emotions, and other contextual information associated with a particular experience.
Semantic Memory: Semantic memory refers to our knowledge of the world and the meaning of words and concepts. It includes information about facts, ideas, general knowledge, and concepts, as well as words and their meanings.
Procedural Memory: Procedural memory refers to our knowledge of how to do things or perform certain procedures. This type of memory is typically associated with motor skills and habits, such as how to ride a bike, tie shoelaces, or play a musical instrument. It involves a sequence of actions that become automatic with practice.
Associative Memory: Associative memory refers to our ability to link or associate different pieces of information together. This type of memory allows us to form connections between related ideas or concepts.
Spatial Memory: Spatial memory refers to our ability to remember the spatial relationships between objects in our environment. This type of memory is used for spatial navigation, and can include knowledge of specific locations, routes, and directions.
Procedural Memory: Procedural memory refers to our knowledge of how to perform specific procedures or tasks. It is often associated with motor skills and habits.
Declarative Memory: Declarative memory is a type of memory that involves the conscious recollection of facts, events, and experiences. It is often referred to as explicit memory, and can be further divided into semantic and episodic memory.
Non-Declarative Memory: Non-declarative memory refers to our knowledge of information that cannot be consciously recalled. It is often referred to as implicit memory, and includes skills, habits, and classical conditioning.
Emotional Memory: Emotional memory refers to our ability to remember events or experiences that have an emotional significance or impact. This type of memory can be positive or negative, and can influence our behavior and decision-making.
Remote Memory: Remote memory refers to our ability to remember events or experiences that occurred in the distant past. This type of memory can be influenced by factors such as age and the passage of time, and may be subject to distortion or forgetting over time.
"It is defined in contrast to short-term and working memory, which persist for only about 18 to 30 seconds."
"LTM is commonly labelled as 'explicit memory' (declarative), as well as 'episodic memory,' 'semantic memory,' 'autobiographical memory,' and 'implicit memory' (procedural memory)."
"Informative knowledge is held indefinitely."
"Explicit memory is also know as 'declarative' memory."
"Episodic memory," "semantic memory," "autobiographical memory."
"Implicit memory is also known as 'procedural memory'."
"Short-term and working memory persist for only about 18 to 30 seconds."
"Informative knowledge is held in long-term memory."
"Long-term memory persists indefinitely, while short-term memory lasts for only about 18 to 30 seconds."
"Remembering specific events from your last vacation."
"Recalling facts, such as the capital of a country."
"Remembering your own personal experiences and life events."
"Semantic memory, episodic memory, and autobiographical memory are all considered explicit within long-term memory."
"Implicit memory, also called procedural memory, is considered implicit within long-term memory."
"It is the stage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely."
"Short-term and working memory persist for only about 18 to 30 seconds."
"Long-term memory is commonly labelled as explicit memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, autobiographical memory, and implicit memory."
"It is defined in contrast to short-term and working memory, which persist for only about 18 to 30 seconds."
"Informative knowledge is held indefinitely in long-term memory."