"Research is 'creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge'."
Issues related to the treatment of participants in research studies, such as informed consent, confidentiality, and debriefing.
Informed Consent: Guidelines for obtaining voluntary and informed consent from participants in a study, including information about the study's purpose, potential risks and benefits, and the participant's right to withdraw.
Deception: Ethical considerations regarding the use of deception in research, including the risks and benefits of deception and the importance of debriefing participants.
Confidentiality: Maintaining confidentiality of research participants' personal information, including data storage and sharing practices.
Animal research: Ethical considerations for conducting animal research, including animal welfare and minimizing animal harm.
Human subjects research: Ethical considerations for conducting research with human subjects, including issues of harm, deception, and consent.
Institutional review boards (IRBs): The role and function of IRBs in overseeing research projects for ethical considerations.
Publication ethics: Ethical considerations in publishing research articles and other publications, including avoiding plagiarism and ensuring data accuracy.
Cultural considerations: Considerations for conducting research with participants from different cultural backgrounds, including understanding cultural norms and values.
Ethical implications of research methodologies: Ethical considerations regarding research methods and design, including the use of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.
Ethical dilemmas and decision-making: Challenging ethical situations and how to approach them, including the role of ethical principles and values in decision-making.
Informed consent: Participants must be fully informed about the study, its purpose, and what they will be asked to do before they agree to participate.
Deception: If the study is using deception, the participant must be debriefed afterward so that they understand the true nature of the study.
Confidentiality: The researcher must protect the privacy and confidentiality of the participants, including their personal information and any data collected during the study.
Protection from harm: Participants should not be subjected to any physical or emotional harm during the study, and the researcher should take steps to minimize any potential risks or discomfort.
Voluntary participation: Participants should be able to withdraw from the study at any time, for any reason, without penalty.
Fair treatment: Participants should be treated fairly in terms of the selection process, compensation for their time and effort, and any benefits derived from the study.
Cultural sensitivity: Research should take into consideration cultural differences, and researchers should avoid any form of discrimination or bias.
Ethics committee approval: Researchers must obtain approval from an ethics committee or Institutional Review Board (IRB) before conducting any human research.
Data sharing: Researchers should be transparent about their research methods and findings, and be willing to share their data with other researchers to promote transparency and facilitate collaborations.
Conflict of interest: Researchers should disclose any potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that could influence their research findings.
"It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error."
"A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole."
"The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge."
"Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences."
"There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research, life, technological, etc."
"The scientific study of research practices is known as meta-research."
"A researcher is a person engaged in conducting research, possibly recognized as an occupation by a formal job title."
"In order to be a social researcher or social scientist, one should have enormous knowledge of subject related to social science that they are specialized in."
"Similarly, in order to be a natural science researcher, the person should have knowledge on field related to natural science (physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, zoology and so on)."
"To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole."
"...the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge."
"It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic."
"It involves a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error."
"There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research, life, technological, etc."
"Research is 'creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge'."
"A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field."
"The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge."
"The scientific study of research practices is known as meta-research."
"A researcher is a person engaged in conducting research, possibly recognized as an occupation by a formal job title."