Quote: "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by excessive amounts of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that are pervasive, impairing in multiple contexts, and otherwise age-inappropriate."
A disorder characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Definition of ADHD: Understanding what ADHD is and its symptoms.
Diagnostic criteria: Knowing the criteria used for identifying ADHD.
Prevalence rates: Understanding how common ADHD is in the population.
Comorbidity: The likelihood of having other mental health conditions alongside ADHD.
Genetic factors: The role of genes in the development of ADHD.
Neurobiological factors: Examining the brain differences in individuals with ADHD.
Executive function deficits: Deficits in cognitive processes such as inhibition, working memory, and attention shifting in individuals with ADHD.
Behavioral interventions: Strategies to manage ADHD symptoms.
Medication treatments: The use of medication to treat ADHD symptoms.
Educational accommodations: Classroom strategies and accommodations to support individuals with ADHD.
Adult ADHD: Understanding how ADHD can impact adults and how to manage symptoms in adulthood.
Emotional regulation: Emotional issues commonly experienced by individuals with ADHD.
Impact on daily life: ADHD's impact on daily activities such as relationships, work, and education.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy: A therapeutic approach to managing ADHD symptoms.
Parenting and behavior management: Strategies to assist parents in supporting children with ADHD.
Inattentive Type: This type of ADHD is characterized by difficulty paying attention, forgetfulness, disorganization, and difficulty completing tasks. Individuals with inattentive ADHD may also struggle with daydreaming or procrastination.
Hyperactive-Impulsive Type: This type of ADHD is characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and restlessness. Individuals with hyperactive-impulsive ADHD may have difficulty staying still, interrupting others, or engaging in risky behaviors.
Combined Type: This is the most common type of ADHD and includes symptoms of both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD. This type of ADHD affects both attention and impulse control.
Quote: "ADHD symptoms arise from executive dysfunction, and emotional dysregulation is often considered a core symptom."
Quote: "In children, problems paying attention may result in poor school performance."
Quote: "ADHD is associated with other neurodevelopmental and mental disorders as well as some non-psychiatric disorders, which can cause additional impairment."
Quote: "Although people with ADHD struggle to focus on tasks they are not particularly interested in completing, they are often able to maintain an unusually prolonged and intense level of attention for tasks they do find interesting or rewarding; this is known as hyperfocus."
Quote: "Genetic factors play an important role; ADHD tends to run in families and has a heritability rate of 74%."
Quote: "Toxins and infections during pregnancy as well as brain damage may be environmental risks."
Quote: "It affects about 5–7% of children when diagnosed via the DSM-IV criteria, and 1–2% when diagnosed via the ICD-10 criteria."
Quote: "ADHD is diagnosed approximately twice as often in boys than in girls, and 1.6 times more often in men than in women."
Quote: "About 30–50% of people diagnosed in childhood continue to have ADHD in adulthood."
Quote: "In adults, hyperactivity is usually replaced by inner restlessness, and adults often develop coping skills to compensate for their impairments."
Quote: "ADHD has a negative impact on patient health-related quality of life that may be further exacerbated by, or may increase the risk of, other psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and depression."
Quote: "ADHD management recommendations vary and usually involve some combination of medications, counseling, and lifestyle changes."
Quote: "The British guideline emphasises environmental modifications and education about ADHD for individuals and carers as the first response."
Quote: "Canadian and American guidelines recommend medications and behavioural therapy together, except in preschool-aged children for whom the first-line treatment is behavioural therapy alone."
Quote: "Stimulant medications are the most effective pharmaceutical treatment."
Quote: "ADHD, its diagnosis, and its treatment have been considered controversial since the 1970s."
Quote: "ADHD was officially known as attention deficit disorder (ADD) from 1980 to 1987; prior to the 1980s, it was known as hyperkinetic reaction of childhood."
Quote: "Symptoms similar to those of ADHD have been described in medical literature dating back to the 18th century."
Quote: "ADHD is now a well-validated clinical diagnosis in children and adults, and the debate in the scientific community mainly centers on how it is diagnosed and treated."