"A neurological disorder is any disorder of the nervous system."
An overview of common neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis and the impact they have on the brain and behavior.
Neuroanatomy: The study of the structure and function of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Neuronal communication: The study of how neurons communicate with each other via chemical and electrical signals, including the role of neurotransmitters, receptors, and ion channels.
Neuroplasticity: The ability of the brain to change and adapt throughout life, including the mechanisms underlying learning, memory, and recovery from injury.
Developmental neuroscience: The study of how the nervous system develops from a single-cell embryo to a complex network of neurons, including the genetic, environmental, and cellular factors that shape brain development.
Genetics of neurological disorders: The study of how genetic mutations and variations can lead to neurological disorders, including inherited and de novo mutations.
Neuroimaging: The use of various techniques such as MRI, CT, PET, and EEG to visualize and study the structure, function, and activity of the brain in health and disease.
Neuropharmacology: The study of how drugs affect the nervous system, including the development and use of drugs to treat neurological disorders.
Neurodegenerative disorders: A group of disorders that involve the progressive loss of neurons and/or their function, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
Neurodevelopmental disorders: A group of disorders that involve developmental abnormalities of the nervous system, including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disability.
Traumatic brain injury: An injury to the brain caused by an external force, such as a blow to the head, that can result in a range of neurological symptoms and disabilities.
Stroke: A disruption of blood flow to the brain that can cause damage to brain tissue and result in a range of neurological symptoms and disabilities.
Neuropsychology: The study of the relationship between brain function and behavior, including the assessment and treatment of neurological disorders from a psychological perspective.
Sleep disorders: A group of disorders that disrupt normal sleep patterns and can result in a range of neurological symptoms and disabilities.
Movement disorders: A group of disorders that involve abnormalities of movement, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and dystonia.
Psychiatric disorders: A group of disorders that involve disturbances in mood, thought, and behavior, including depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.
Alzheimer's disease: A type of dementia that affects memory, thinking and behavior.
Parkinson's disease: Affects movement and makes it difficult to control muscles.
Epilepsy: A group of neurological disorders characterized by seizures or convulsions.
Multiple sclerosis: A potentially disabling disease that affects the brain and spinal cord.
Huntington's disease: Causes progressive damage to certain nerve cells in the brain, leading to movement, cognitive, and psychiatric disorders.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): A disorder that affects the function of nerves and muscles, leading to weakness and loss of control of bodily functions.
Migraine: A type of headache with intense pain, usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound.
Tourette's syndrome: A neurological disorder that causes involuntary movements and vocalizations.
Cerebral palsy: A group of disorders that affect movement, posture, and muscle tone.
Traumatic brain injury: A type of injury caused by a blow or jolt to the head that disrupts the normal function of the brain.
Epileptic encephalopathy: A group of devastating epilepsy syndromes that can cause psychomotor regression, intellectual disability, and behavioral issues.
Autism spectrum disorders: Neurodevelopmental disorders that affect communication, social interaction, and behavior.
Schizophrenia: A mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior, delusions, and hallucinations.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): A disorder characterized by unwanted, recurring thoughts and compulsive behaviors.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
Borderline personality disorder: A mental illness characterized by instability in mood, behavior, and relationships.
"Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms."
"Examples of symptoms include paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain and altered levels of consciousness."
"There are many recognized neurological disorders, some relatively common, but many rare."
"They may be assessed by neurological examination."
"They... treated within the specialties of neurology and clinical neuropsychology."
"Interventions for neurological disorders include preventive measures, lifestyle changes, physiotherapy or other therapy, neurorehabilitation, pain management, medication, operations performed by neurosurgeons or a specific diet."
"The World Health Organization estimated in 2006 that neurological disorders and their sequelae (direct consequences) affect as many as one billion people worldwide."
"Health inequalities and social stigma/discrimination [are] major factors contributing to the associated disability and their impact."
"Physiotherapy or other therapy [can be used]."
"Operations [are] performed by neurosurgeons."
"Preventive measures [can be taken]."
"Lifestyle changes [can be beneficial]."
"Neurorehabilitation [is used]."
"Pain management [is used]."
"Medication [is used]."
"A neurological examination [is conducted]."
"A specific diet [can be used]."
"Health inequalities [are] major factors contributing to the associated disability and their impact."
"Social stigma/discrimination [is] major factors contributing to the associated disability and their impact."