"A set of beliefs or philosophies attributed to a person or group of persons, especially those held for reasons that are not purely epistemic, in which 'practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones.'"
Study of differing political ideologies and how they shape societal structures and policies.
Liberalism: A political ideology that emphasizes individual freedom, civil liberties, and the role of government in promoting social welfare.
Conservatism: A political ideology rooted in traditional values and social norms, emphasizing law and order, limited government intervention, and individual responsibility.
Socialism: A political ideology that advocates for collective ownership of the means of production and distribution of wealth and resources, with the goal of promoting social equality.
Fascism: An extreme authoritarian political ideology that rejects democracy and individualism, advocating for totalitarian control over society and economy.
Democracy: A form of government in which citizens have the power to make decisions through free and fair elections.
Totalitarianism: A political system characterized by a government with total control over all aspects of citizens' lives, from politics and economy to social and cultural life.
Marxism: A theoretical framework that emphasizes the role of economic factors in shaping society, with the view that capitalism creates people's oppression and exploitation.
Nationalism: A political and cultural ideology that emphasizes the identity and interests of a nation over those of individuals or other groups.
Anarchism: A political philosophy that opposes all forms of government or centralized authority, advocating for the creation of self-governing communities.
Libertarianism: A political ideology that emphasizes individual freedom and limited government intervention, government intervention is seen as a potential threat to individual liberty.
Feminism: A political ideology that advocates for gender equality and social justice for women, LGBT, and other minority groups.
Environmentalism: A political ideology that advocates for conservation and protection of the environment and natural resources, critical view of consumerism and industrialization.
Multiculturalism: A social and political approach that encourages the acceptance and appreciation of cultural diversity in society.
Globalization: A complex process of economic, cultural, and political integration and interdependence between countries and regions across the world.
Postmodernism: A cultural and philosophical movement that questions the validity and objectivity of traditional values, norms, and knowledge, and emphasizes the perspectives of marginalized and minority groups.
Anarchism: A political ideology that advocates for the abolition of all forms of government and centralized authority.
Capitalism: An economic and political system that advocates for the free market, private ownership of property, and limited government intervention.
Communism: An ideology that seeks to establish a classless society in which all property and resources are owned and controlled by the state.
Conservatism: A political ideology that emphasizes traditional values and institutions, and resists or opposes rapid or radical social change.
Fascism: An authoritarian and ultranationalist ideology that emphasizes the supremacy of the state over individual rights and freedoms.
Liberalism: A political ideology that emphasizes individual liberty and equality, and advocates for limited government intervention in the economy.
Libertarianism: A political ideology that emphasizes individual liberty and minimal government intervention, including in social and economic spheres.
Marxism: A philosophy that emphasizes the class struggle between workers and capitalists and advocates for the eventual overthrow of capitalism.
Nationalism: An ideology that emphasizes the importance of national identity, culture, and interests over individual and international concerns.
Socialism: An ideology that advocates for the collective ownership and control of the means of production, as well as the distribution of wealth and resources based on need rather than profit.
Green politics: A political ideology that emphasizes ecological, social, and economic sustainability, and focuses on environmental protection, social justice, and democracy.
Postmodernism: A philosophical and cultural perspective that challenges established beliefs and values, and emphasizes subjective experience and cultural relativity.
Feminism: A movement that advocates for gender equality, including equal rights, opportunities, and representation for women.
Populism: An ideology that emphasizes the interests of ordinary people against the elite or establishment, and often presents traditional or nationalist policies as solutions to social and economic issues.
Neoconservatism: A political ideology that emphasizes a strong military, aggressive foreign policy, and the promotion of democracy and human rights through military intervention.
Neo-liberalism: A political and economic ideology that emphasizes free market principles, including privatization, deregulation, and reduced government intervention, as solutions to social and economic issues.
"Formerly applied primarily to economic, political, or religious theories and policies."
"The term was coined by Antoine Destutt de Tracy, a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher, who conceived it in 1796 as the 'science of ideas'."
"To develop a rational system of ideas to oppose the irrational impulses of the mob."
"More recent use treats the term as mainly condemnatory."
"In political science, the term is used in a descriptive sense to refer to political belief systems."
"In a tradition going back to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels..."
"Practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones."
"To oppose the irrational impulses of the mob."
"In 1796, as the 'science of ideas'."
"Economic, political, or religious theories and policies."
"Mainly condemnatory."
"Coined by Antoine Destutt de Tracy."
"Refer to political belief systems."
"A rational system of ideas."
"Economic, political, or religious theories and policies."
"Practical elements are as prominent as theoretical ones."
"Descriptive sense to refer to political belief systems."
"Mainly condemnatory."
"Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels."