Quote: "In political science, a political system means the type of political organization that can be recognized, observed or otherwise declared by a state."
The formal structures and rules that govern political behavior. This topic covers the roles and functions of political institutions such as the judiciary, Congress, and the presidency.
Constitution: The fundamental principles, rules, and laws that form the basis of a state or country's political system.
Democracy: A system of government that empowers citizens to control policymaking and decision-making through elections, referendums, protests, and political participation.
Federalism: A political system in which power is divided between a central government and individual states or provinces.
Separation of powers: The constitutional principle that divides the branches of government – executive, legislative, and judicial – into distinct and independent domains.
Rule of law: A set of legal principles that ensures the equality and impartiality of all individuals before the law.
Political Parties: Organizations that represent a particular set of beliefs or ideas and have a vested interest in gaining political power.
Electoral systems: The methods used to select representatives and elect officials in a democracy, including proportional representation, first-past-the-post, and preferential voting methods.
Interest groups: Groups of citizens who organize around a particular shared interest, such as lobbying for legislation that benefits their constituency.
Public Opinion: The views of the general population on political issues, which are often shaped and influenced by various media such as social media, news media, and advertising.
Political Ideology: A set of beliefs or principles shaping individual and group political behavior.
The Media: Various institutions that play a crucial role in shaping political debates, disseminating information, and influencing public opinion.
Bureaucracy: A system of government that entails a hierarchical organization of officials tasked with implementing government policies and laws.
Judiciary: The branch of government tasked with interpreting and applying laws within a legal system.
Executive Branch: The branch of government tasked with enforcing laws, making and implementing executive policies.
Legislature: The branch of government tasked with making laws and fiscal decisions, as well as serving as a watchdog over the executive branch.
Monarchy: A political system in which the monarch has absolute power over the state and its people.
Democracy: A system of government that is characterized by the participation of citizens in the decision-making processes, and the existence of the rule of law.
Theocracy: A system of government that is based on religious principles, with religious leaders holding key positions in the government.
Absolute monarchy: An autocratic system of government in which the monarch has complete and absolute control over the government and its subjects.
Oligarchy: A form of government in which a small group of individuals, such as wealthy or influential individuals, control the government.
Federation: A political system in which a central government shares power with regional or local governments.
Dictatorship: A system of government in which one person, the dictator, has absolute control over the government and its citizens.
Aristocracy: A form of government in which the ruling class consists of privileged individuals, often based on their wealth or social status.
Republic: A system of government in which the power is held by elected officials rather than a monarch or other single individual.
Parliament: A form of government in which the elected representatives, through a legislative body, hold supreme power.
Presidential Democracy: A system of government in which a president holds the power of the executive branch and is elected by the people to make decisions for the government.
Communism: A political and social system in which property is publicly owned, and each individual works and is paid according to their abilities, and consumption is based on an equitable distribution of goods.
Anarchy: A political system in which there is no formal government, and individuals have freedom from governmental authority.
Feudalism: A political system in which a lord grants land to a vassal in exchange for their loyalty and military support.
Confederation: A political system in which individual states or regions retain full autonomy while being part of a larger political entity with a weak central authority.
Totalitarianism: A system of government that seeks complete control over its citizens' lives and makes every aspect of life a state matter.
Unitary System: A political system in which the central government holds all the power and authority over the state and its citizens.
Direct Democracy: A form of democracy in which citizens directly participate in the decision-making processes of the government.
Hybrid System: A political system that combines elements of different forms of government to suit specific needs and circumstances.
Meritocracy: A political system in which political power is based on merit and ability, rather than inherited privilege or wealth.
Quote: "It defines the process for making official government decisions."
Quote: "It usually comprises the governmental legal and economic system, social and cultural system, and other state and government specific systems."
Quote: "However, this is a very simplified view of a much more complex system of categories involving the questions of who should have authority and what the government influence on its people and economy should be."
Quote: "The main types of political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes."
Quote: "Modern classification system also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three."