Quote: "In political science, a political system means the type of political organization that can be recognized, observed or otherwise declared by a state."
An overview of the various political institutions that exist in different types of political systems, including democracies, authoritarian regimes, and totalitarian states.
Governance: This topic is about the different systems that political institutions use to rule over societies. It includes discussions about democracy, autocracy, oligarchy, and other forms of government.
Constitutions: The fundamental laws that provide the structure for how political institutions work is the main focus of this topic. It includes the origins and functions of constitutions as well as their relevance to modern governance.
Separation of Powers: In this topic, the distribution of authority between the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government is discussed, emphasizing the significance of checks and balances in maintaining a balanced government.
Electoral Systems: This topic pertains to the different methods of conducting elections and how they affect the government's legitimacy, voter turnout, representation, and accountability.
Political Parties – Engaging in politics individually is tough. Therefore, this topic discusses the significance of forming groups, such as political parties, to attain political power collectively: Their formation, ideology, organization, and relevance in modern democracies.
Interest Groups: The joining of organizations, such as lobby groups, to engage in political activities and affect government processes is what this topic covers. It focuses on the importance of group interests and their roles in achieving political objectives.
Public Opinion: It pertains to the collective awareness and attitudes of the general public regarding political matters, as well as the factors that shape these beliefs, including race, gender, and socio-economic status.
Media: The various economic and social factors that influence the way media outlets present political news and information are explored in this topic. It is essential to realize the power of media by the government in shaping public opinion.
Bureaucracy: This topic pertains to the administrative organizations that operate within the government, including their hierarchy, structure, and responsibilities.
Public Policy: The development and implementation of public policies, including their impact on society, as well as the role of various stakeholders in contributing to this process are the focus of this topic.
Monarchy: A monarchical system is where a single ruler, or monarch, reigns over the state. Power is typically inherited and passed down through a royal family.
Democracy: A democracy is a system of government where citizens have a say in how they are governed. Elections are held to select representatives who make decisions on behalf of the people.
Dictatorship: In a dictatorship, power is held by a single person or small group of people who have absolute control over the state. There are no checks and balances on their power.
Oligarchy: An oligarchy is a system where a small group of people have control over the state, typically based on wealth or social status.
Authoritarianism: Authoritarianism is a system of government where political power is concentrated in a single leader or group, who maintain strict control over society.
Totalitarianism: Totalitarianism is a system of government where the state has control over every aspect of society, including the economy, media, and social life of citizens.
Federalism: Federalism is a political system where power is divided between a central government and regional governments. Both levels of government have some degree of autonomy, but the central government has ultimate authority.
Confederacy: A confederacy is a system where individual states or regions maintain most of their power and sovereignty, while forming a loose alliance or confederation for common issues.
Presidential system: In a presidential system, the head of government is also the head of state, elected through a popular vote. Legislative and executive branches are separate and independent.
Parliamentary system: In a parliamentary system, the head of government is typically a member of parliament, selected by the ruling party. Legislative and executive branches are combined and interdependent.
Theocracy: A theocracy is a system where religious leaders hold political power, using religious texts as a basis for law and governance.
Anarchy: Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates for the abolition of all forms of government and hierarchy, with power decentralized and shared equally among individuals and communities.
Quote: "It defines the process for making official government decisions."
Quote: "It usually comprises the governmental legal and economic system, social and cultural system, and other state and government specific systems."
Quote: "However, this is a very simplified view of a much more complex system of categories involving the questions of who should have authority and what the government influence on its people and economy should be."
Quote: "The main types of political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes."
Quote: "Modern classification system also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three."