"A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
Study of thermodynamics of mixtures and solutions including phase diagrams, partial molar quantities, and thermodynamics of mixing.
Definitions of mixtures and solutions: Understanding the differences between mixtures and solutions and the various types of each.
Concentration units: Understanding the different units used to express the concentration of solutions such as molarity, molality, mass fraction, mole fraction, and percentage concentration.
Types of solutions: Understanding the various types of solutions including dilute or concentrated solutions, saturated and unsaturated solutions, and supersaturated solutions.
Solubility: Understanding the factors that affect the solubility of a substance in a particular solvent.
Colligative properties: Understanding how adding solutes to a solution affects the physical properties of the solution such as boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure.
Formation of solutions: Understanding the process of how solutions are formed and the various factors that affect the rate of dissolution.
Separation of mixtures: Understanding the different techniques used for separating mixtures such as filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography.
Ideal and non-ideal solutions: Understanding the differences between ideal and non-ideal solutions and how they behave differently in terms of thermodynamic properties.
Phase diagrams: Understanding the phase behavior of mixtures/solutions and the use of phase diagrams in predicting the behavior of mixtures.
Chemical equilibrium: Understanding how chemical equilibrium applies to mixtures and solutions, and how the equilibrium constant is used to predict the solubility of a substance.
Acid-base equilibria in solutions: Understanding how acids and bases behave in solutions, and how pH and pKa values can be used to predict the behavior of weak acids and bases in solutions.
Thermodynamics: Understanding the basic principles of thermodynamics and how they apply to the behavior of mixtures and solutions.
Colloid chemistry: Understanding the behavior and properties of colloids, including the Tyndall effect, Brownian motion, and the ability of colloids to display unique optical and physical properties.
Electrochemistry: Understanding the role of electrochemistry in mixtures and solutions, including electrolytic conductance, electrochemical cells, and redox reactions.
Applications: Understanding the wide range of applications of mixtures and solutions, including in everyday life, industrial processes, and scientific research.
Homogeneous mixture: A mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout, and every part of the mixture looks the same.
Heterogeneous mixture: A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout, and different parts of the mixture have different properties.
Solutions: A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is dissolved in the solvent.
Suspensions: A heterogeneous mixture in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid or gas.
Colloids: A heterogeneous mixture in which the size of particles is intermediate between those in suspensions and solutions.
Emulsions: A type of colloid in which two immiscible liquids are mixed together, and one is dispersed in the other.
Alloys: A solid solution in which different metals are mixed together to form a new material.
Gas mixtures: A mixture of two or more gases, where the composition is not uniform, and different parts of the mixture have different properties.
Liquid solutions: A homogeneous mixture of two or more liquids, where the solute is dissolved in the solvent.
Solid solutions: A homogeneous mixture of two or more solids, where atoms or molecules of one solid are dispersed in another solid.
"A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used..."
"...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"...solid, liquid or gaseous states..."
"...to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"...at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram in physical chemistry...is a type of chart used to show conditions..."
"A phase diagram in engineering...is a type of chart used to show conditions..."
"A phase diagram in mineralogy...is a type of chart used to show conditions..."
"A phase diagram in materials science...is a type of chart used to show conditions..."
"...at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"...at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart..."
"...thermodynamically distinct phases..."
"...at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram in materials science...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram in mineralogy...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."
"A phase diagram in physical chemistry...used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium."