"In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework combining classical field theory, special relativity, and quantum mechanics."
Introduction to the mathematical framework used to describe quantum fields and their interactions, including relativistic quantum mechanics and the Dirac equation.
Quantum Mechanics: This is the study of the behavior of matter and energy on a very small scale, such as the behavior of atoms and subatomic particles.
Special Relativity: This is the study of the relationship between space and time and how they are affected by the speed of light.
Classical Mechanics: This is the study of the motion of macroscopic objects, such as planets and automobiles.
Quantum Field Theory: This is the study of the behavior of particles on a quantum level, including how they interact with each other and how they create and interact with fields.
Quantum Electrodynamics: This is the study of the behavior and interactions of photons and electrons, and how they create and interact with electric and magnetic fields.
Particle Physics: This is the study of the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces that govern their behavior.
Gauge Theory: This is a type of quantum field theory that deals with the symmetries and conservation laws of particles.
Symmetry Breaking: This is the phenomenon where a system that is symmetrical at a fundamental level becomes asymmetrical at a macroscopic level.
Renormalization: This is a technique used in quantum field theory to help deal with the infinities that arise when trying to calculate certain properties of particles and fields.
String Theory: This is a theoretical framework that attempts to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity by considering the fundamental building blocks of the universe to be one-dimensional strings.
Standard Model: It is a theoretical framework that explains the behavior of the fundamental subatomic particles and the forces that act on them.
Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): It is a branch of quantum field theory that deals with the study of the electromagnetic interactions between charged particles.
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD): It is a branch of quantum field theory that deals with the study of the strong force, which binds quarks and gluons inside protons and neutrons.
Quantum Field Theory of Gravity: It is a proposed theory that seeks to unify gravity with the other fundamental forces of nature.
Supersymmetry (SUSY): It is a proposed theory that postulates the existence of a new symmetry between particles with integer and half-integer spin.
String Theory: It is a proposed theory that seeks to unify gravity with the other fundamental forces of nature by treating all particles as one-dimensional strings.
Quantum Field Theory of Condensed Matter: It is a branch of quantum field theory that studies the collective behavior of many interacting particles in condensed matter systems.
"QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles."
"QFT is used in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles."
"QFT treats particles as excited states (also called quanta) of their underlying quantum fields."
"Quantum fields, which are more fundamental than the particles."
"The equation of motion of the particle is determined by minimization of the action computed for the Lagrangian."
"The Lagrangian is a functional of fields associated with the particle."
"Interactions between particles are described by interaction terms in the Lagrangian involving their corresponding quantum fields."
"Each interaction can be visually represented by Feynman diagrams."
"According to perturbation theory in quantum mechanics."
"A theoretical framework combining classical field theory, special relativity, and quantum mechanics."
"Quantum fields are more fundamental than the particles."
"The equation of motion of the particle is determined by minimization of the action computed for the Lagrangian."
"Interactions between particles are described by interaction terms in the Lagrangian involving their corresponding quantum fields."
"Each interaction can be visually represented by Feynman diagrams."
"QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles."
"QFT is used in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles."
"Particles are treated as excited states (quanta) of quantum fields."
"The minimization of the action computed for the Lagrangian."
"Interactions between particles manifest as interaction terms in the Lagrangian."