"In physics, a symmetry of a physical system is a physical or mathematical feature of the system (observed or intrinsic) that is preserved or remains unchanged under some transformation."
Study of the ways in which the properties of particles remain the same under certain transformations.
Symmetry and Asymmetry: Fundamental principles of symmetry and asymmetry in physics and their importance in understanding the interactions of particles.
Group Theory: Mathematical framework for studying symmetry in physics, including the basics of group actions, symmetry groups, group representations, and Lie groups.
Classical Symmetry: Classical mechanics and classical field theory concepts of symmetry, including continuous symmetries, Noether's theorem, Galilean and Lorentz transformations, and gauge symmetry.
Quantum Mechanics: Symmetry and quantum mechanics, including the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum states, and observables.
Lie Algebras: Algebraic structures used to describe the symmetry of physical systems.
Particle Physics: The fundamental particles and the interactions between them, including the Standard Model, the strong force, weak force, and electromagnetic force.
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking: The mechanism by which the electroweak force, which unites the electromagnetic force and the weak force, operates.
Symmetry in Cosmology: Symmetry principles in the universe, including the phenomenon of cosmic inflation.
Supersymmetry: A mathematical framework that extends the Standard Model of particle physics to unify matter particles with force particles.
Experimental Techniques: Direct and indirect methods for studying symmetry in physics, including particle accelerators, detectors, and data analysis.
Symmetry and Beyond: The implications of symmetry in physics for the advancement of knowledge in the field, and the possible connections to other areas of science such as mathematics and computer science.
Reflection or Mirror Symmetry: This type of symmetry occurs when an object or image looks the same after flipping it over a reflection plane.
Translational Symmetry: This symmetry is present in systems that are invariant under translation (moving) of their parts over a fixed distance or vector.
Rotational Symmetry: This type of symmetry occurs when an object or system looks the same after a certain angle of rotation around a fixed axis.
Time Symmetry: This symmetry is also known as T-symmetry or time reversal symmetry, and it holds that the laws of physics are the same over time, regardless of whether time is moving forward or backward.
Spatial Symmetry: It is a type of symmetry that holds that the laws of physics are the same regardless of the location of an experiment or observation.
Gauge Symmetry: Gauge symmetry is a type of symmetry that is present in fields or particles that are described by gauge theories.
Chiral Symmetry: This type of symmetry occurs when a system is symmetric under reflection, but the mirror image is not equivalent to the original. It is also known as left-right symmetry.
SU(3) Symmetry: SU(3) symmetry belongs to a category of symmetries called Lie groups and is used in the theory of strong interactions.
"Continuous symmetries can be described by Lie groups while discrete symmetries are described by finite groups."
"Continuous symmetries can be described by Lie groups."
"Discrete symmetries are described by finite groups."
"Lie and finite groups are the foundation for the fundamental theories of modern physics."
"Symmetries are frequently amenable to mathematical formulations such as group representations."
"Symmetries can, in addition, be exploited to simplify many problems."
"Arguably the most important example of a symmetry in physics is that the speed of light has the same value in all frames of reference."
"The invariance of the form of physical laws under arbitrary differentiable coordinate transformations is an important idea in general relativity."
"Discrete symmetries are described by finite groups (see Symmetry group)."
"A family of particular transformations may be continuous (such as rotation of a circle)."
"A family of particular transformations may be discrete (e.g., reflection of a bilaterally symmetric figure, or rotation of a regular polygon)."
"Continuous symmetries can be described by Lie groups."
"Discrete symmetries are described by finite groups."
"Lie and finite groups are the foundation for the fundamental theories of modern physics."
"The speed of light has the same value in all frames of reference."
"Which is described in special relativity by a group of transformations of the spacetime known as the Poincaré group."
"The invariance of the form of physical laws under arbitrary differentiable coordinate transformations is an important idea in general relativity."
"Symmetries can, in addition, be exploited to simplify many problems."
"Symmetries are frequently amenable to mathematical formulations such as group representations."