"In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time."
The effects of motion on the measurement of time and distance, as described by Einstein's theory of relativity.
The postulates of special relativity: The fundamental principles that define the behavior of space and time in special relativity.
The Lorentz transformation: A set of equations that describe how space and time coordinates transform between two relatively moving frames of reference.
Time dilation: The effect that causes time to appear to pass slower for an observer in motion relative to a stationary observer.
Length contraction: The effect that causes an object to appear shorter along its direction of motion, as measured by an observer in relative motion.
Relativistic velocity addition: The formula for adding velocities in special relativity, which differs from classical Newtonian addition.
Twin paradox: A thought experiment that demonstrates the effects of time dilation on two twins, one of whom remains stationary while the other travels at high speeds.
Mass-energy equivalence: The famous equation E=mc², which relates mass and energy, and implies that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa under certain conditions.
Relativity of simultaneity: The concept that absolute simultaneity, or the notion of two distant events occurring simultaneously, is relative and dependent on the observer's frame of reference.
Doppler effect: The change in frequency or wavelength of light or sound waves due to motion of the source or the observer.
Lorentz factor: A quantity that appears frequently in special relativity equations and describes the degree of time dilation and length contraction for an object in motion.
Time Dilation: This refers to the idea that time passes more slowly for an observer in relative motion than it does for a stationary observer.
Length Contraction: This refers to the idea that the length of an object appears shorter when it is in motion relative to an observer than when it is at rest.
Relativistic Velocity Addition: This refers to the method used to calculate the velocity of an object that is moving in relation to a moving observer.
The Relativity of Simultaneity: This refers to the idea that the concept of simultaneity is relative, meaning that different observers can disagree about whether two events occurred at the same time.
The Twin Paradox: This refers to a thought experiment in which one twin travels away from Earth at high speed and returns to find that they have aged less than their twin who remained on Earth.
Lorentz Transformations: These are mathematical equations used to describe how space and time measurements change between different frames of reference.
The Equivalence of Mass and Energy: This refers to the famous equation E=mc^2, which tells us that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa.
Time Travel: Special Relativity theories allow for the possibility of time travel, although it is subject to many limitations and paradoxes.
"In Albert Einstein's 1905 treatment, the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration)."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"Frames of reference with no acceleration."
"Special relativity is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time."
"Just two postulates."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration)."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference."
"In Albert Einstein's 1905 treatment, the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference."
"The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of the light source or observer."
"The special theory of relativity ... is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time."
"The theory is presented as being based on just two postulates."
"The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference."