"The term 'thermal energy' is used loosely in various contexts in physics and engineering..."
Energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules in a material.
"...generally related to the kinetic energy of vibrating and colliding atoms in a substance."
"It can refer to several different well-defined physical concepts..."
"...the internal energy or enthalpy of a body of matter and radiation..."
"...heat, defined as a type of energy transfer (as is thermodynamic work)..."
"...the characteristic energy of a degree of freedom..."
"...in a system that is described in terms of its microscopic particulate constituents (where T denotes temperature and k_B denotes the Boltzmann constant)."
"The term 'thermal energy' is used loosely in various contexts in physics and engineering..."
"It can refer to several different well-defined physical concepts. These include the internal energy or enthalpy of a body of matter and radiation; heat... and the characteristic energy of a degree of freedom..."
"...in a system that is described in terms of its microscopic particulate constituents (where T denotes temperature..."
"...heat, defined as a type of energy transfer (as is thermodynamic work)..."
"...in a system that is described in terms of its microscopic particulate constituents (where... k_B denotes the Boltzmann constant)."
"The term 'thermal energy' is used loosely in various contexts in physics and engineering..."
"It can refer to several different well-defined physical concepts. These include the internal energy or enthalpy of a body of matter and radiation; heat..."
"...used loosely in various contexts in physics and engineering..."
"...the kinetic energy of vibrating and colliding atoms in a substance."
"...system that is described in terms of its microscopic particulate constituents..."
"...in terms of its microscopic particulate constituents (where... k_B denotes the Boltzmann constant)."
"...as a type of energy transfer..."
"...the kinetic energy of vibrating and colliding atoms in a substance."