Techniques used in astrophysics such as spectroscopy, photometry, and cosmological simulations.
Astronomy basics: This topic covers the fundamental concepts of astronomy, such as celestial coordinates, telescopes, and observational techniques.
Stellar evolution: This topic covers the life cycle of stars, starting from their birth through to their eventual death.
Galaxies and black holes: This topic covers the structure and properties of galaxies, including the role of black holes in their formation and evolution.
Cosmology: This topic covers the study of the universe as a whole, including its expansion, large-scale structure, and origins.
Radiative transfer: This topic covers the transfer of energy through matter and radiation, and its application in astrophysics to study the behavior of light in astronomical environments.
Spectroscopy: This topic covers the study of electromagnetic radiation as it relates to the chemical and physical properties of materials, including its use to analyze stars and galaxies.
Photometry: This topic covers the measurement of light intensity and its application in astrophysics to study stars and other celestial bodies.
Astrometry: This topic covers the measurement of the positions and distances of celestial objects in the sky, and its application in astrophysics to study the structure and evolution of the universe.
Numerical methods: This topic covers the use of numerical techniques and simulations in astrophysics, including models of stellar evolution, galactic dynamics, and cosmology.
Data analysis: This topic covers the analysis of observational data in astrophysics, including techniques for image processing, statistical analysis, and data visualization.
Instrumentation: This topic covers the design and operation of astronomical instruments, including telescopes, detectors, and spectrographs.
Astrophysical observations: This topic covers the observational techniques used in astrophysics, including radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray astronomy.
Interstellar and extragalactic medium: This topic covers the study of the gas and dust that exists between stars, as well as the medium that exists between galaxies.
High-energy astrophysics: This topic covers the study of phenomena that emit high-energy radiation, such as black holes, gamma ray bursts, and supernovae.
Gravitational waves: This topic covers the study of the phenomena associated with the propagation of gravitational waves, including detection methods and astrophysical implications.
Spectroscopy: The study of the distribution of light intensity over a range of wavelengths emitted or absorbed by an object, which reveals the object's chemical composition, temperature, and movement.
Photometry: The measurement of the brightness (luminosity) and the color (spectral energy distribution) of celestial objects.
Imaging: The use of optical and infrared telescopes to produce 2D or 3D images of astronomical objects, such as planets, nebulae, and galaxies.
Radio Astronomy: The study of celestial objects in the radio frequency range, which can penetrate interstellar dust clouds that block visible light.
X-ray and Gamma-ray Astronomy: The study of high-energy radiation emitted by celestial objects, which is absorbed by Earth's atmosphere and must be observed from space.
Gravitational Wave Astronomy: The observation of ripples in space-time caused by the acceleration of massive objects, such as black holes and neutron stars.
Neutrino Astronomy: The detection of high-energy neutrinos, subatomic particles that can pass through matter easily, and are produced by the most violent events in the Universe.
Cosmology: The study of the origin, evolution, and structure of the Universe, including the Big Bang theory and the existence of dark matter and dark energy.
Stellar Astronomy: The study of stars and their evolution, including their birth, life cycle, and death, as well as their properties, such as size, temperature, and luminosity.
Planetary Astronomy: The study of planets, their moons, and other solar system objects, including their formation, internal structure, and surface features.
Interstellar Medium: The study of the gas and dust between stars and planets, and how it affects the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies.
Astrochemistry: The study of the chemical composition and reactions of astronomical objects, such as stars, planets, and interstellar medium.
Astrobiology: The study of the origin, evolution, and distribution of life in the Universe, including the search for extraterrestrial life.
Time Domain Astronomy: The study of astronomical phenomena that vary over time, such as supernovae, variable stars, and gamma-ray bursts.
High-Energy Astrophysics: The study of the most energetic phenomena in the Universe, such as black holes, pulsars, and supernova explosions.